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How weather and special events affect pedestrian activities: volume, space, and time
International Journal of Sustainable Transportation ( IF 3.963 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 , DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2021.1897907
Sunyong Eom 1 , Yasuhide Nishihori 2
Affiliation  

Abstract

Monitoring pedestrian activities and understanding influential factors such as weather conditions and special events are important issues for urban planners who endeavor to foster a vital and sustainable urban environment. This study quantified pedestrian activity by developing pedestrian distribution indexes (PDIs) for the aspects of volume, space, and time, to clarify how PDIs were affected by variations in situational factors related to weather and special events. Accordingly, the PDIs were related by volume and spatial and temporal inequalities to capture pedestrian activities in designated neighborhoods/districts, based on pedestrian count data from multiple locations. The specific effects of weather and special events were investigated based on the PDIs. The results confirmed that the indexes can be used to distinguish between spatial and temporal pedestrian distributions, even when total numbers are equal, thus providing critical information for planners. Furthermore, weather conditions were shown to influence pedestrian quantities, as well as their spatial and temporal distributions. Indeed, temperature and wind speed exacted non-linear effects on quantity and spatial inequality. Additionally, pedestrian distributions varied according to event type. Most events increased pedestrian numbers and expanded their coverage within downtown areas. However, these effects were limited to specific time periods. Thus, this study contributes to incorporating pedestrian distributions into spatial planning efforts by quantifying and evaluating the impacts of special events.



中文翻译:

天气和特殊事件如何影响行人活动:体积、空间和时间

摘要

监测行人活动并了解天气状况和特殊事件等影响因素是城市规划者努力营造一个重要和可持续的城市环境的重要问题。本研究通过制定行人分布指数 (PDI) 来量化行人活动,以了解与天气和特殊事件相关的情境因素变化如何影响 PDI。因此,根据来自多个位置的行人计数数据,PDI 与体积和空间和时间不平等相关,以捕捉指定社区/地区的行人活动。基于 PDI 研究了天气和特殊事件的具体影响。结果证实,即使总数相等,这些指标也可用于区分行人的空间和时间分布,从而为规划者提供关键信息。此外,天气条件被证明会影响行人数量及其空间和时间分布。事实上,温度和风速对数量和空间不平等产生了非线性影响。此外,行人分布因事件类型而异。大多数活动增加了行人数量,并扩大了市区内的覆盖范围。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。即使总数相等,也可以为规划者提供关键信息。此外,天气条件被证明会影响行人数量及其空间和时间分布。事实上,温度和风速对数量和空间不平等产生了非线性影响。此外,行人分布因事件类型而异。大多数活动增加了行人数量,并扩大了市区内的覆盖范围。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。即使总数相等,也可以为规划者提供关键信息。此外,天气条件被证明会影响行人数量及其空间和时间分布。事实上,温度和风速对数量和空间不平等产生了非线性影响。此外,行人分布因事件类型而异。大多数活动增加了行人数量,并扩大了市区内的覆盖范围。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。以及它们的空间和时间分布。事实上,温度和风速对数量和空间不平等产生了非线性影响。此外,行人分布因事件类型而异。大多数活动增加了行人数量,并扩大了市区内的覆盖范围。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。以及它们的空间和时间分布。事实上,温度和风速对数量和空间不平等产生了非线性影响。此外,行人分布因事件类型而异。大多数活动增加了行人数量,并扩大了市区内的覆盖范围。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。然而,这些影响仅限于特定时间段。因此,本研究通过量化和评估特殊事件的影响,有助于将行人分布纳入空间规划工作。

更新日期:2021-03-16
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