This is the first study that compares types of orientation tactics that blind and sighted users applied in their initial interactions with a digital library (DL) and the associated factors. Multiple methods were employed for data collection: questionnaires, think-aloud protocols, and transaction logs. The paper identifies seven types of orientation tactics applied by the two groups of users. While sighted users focused on skimming DL content, blind users concentrated on exploring DL structure. Moreover, the authors discovered 13 types of system, user, and interaction factors that led to the use of orientation tactics. More system factors than user factors affect blind users' tactics in browsing DL structures. The findings of this study support the social model that the sight-centered design of DLs, rather than blind users' disability, prohibits them from effectively interacting with a DL. Simultaneously, the results reveal the limitation of existing interactive information retrieval models that do not take people with disabilities into consideration. DL design implications are discussed based on the identified factors.

中文翻译：

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数字图书馆环境中的定位策略和相关因素：盲人和视力用户之间的比较

这是第一项比较盲人和有视力用户在与数字图书馆 (DL) 的初始交互中应用的定向策略类型以及相关因素的研究。数据收集采用了多种方法：问卷调查、大声思考协议和交易日志。该论文确定了两组用户应用的七种定向策略。视力正常的用户专注于浏览 DL 内容，而盲人用户则专注于探索 DL 结构。此外，作者发现了导致使用定向策略的 13 种系统、用户和交互因素。系统因素多于用户因素影响盲人用户浏览深度学习结构的策略。本研究的结果支持以下社会模型，即 DLs 以视觉为中心的设计，而不是盲人用户的残疾，禁止他们与 DL 有效交互。同时，结果揭示了现有交互式信息检索模型没有考虑到残疾人的局限性。基于确定的因素讨论了深度学习设计的含义。