Background

A sense of meaningfulness is an important initial indicator of the successful treatment of addiction, and supports the larger recovery process. Most studies address meaningfulness as a static trait, and do not assess the extent to which meaningfulness might vary within an individual, or how it may vary in response to daily life events such as social experiences.

Methods

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to: 1) examine the amount of within-person variability in meaningfulness among patients in residential treatment for prescription opioid use disorder; 2) determine whether that variability was related to positive or negative social experiences on a daily basis; and 3) assess whether those day-to-day relationships were related to relapse at four months post-treatment. Participants (N = 73, 77% male, M_age = 30.10, Range = 19–61) completed smartphone-based assessments four times per day for 12 days. Associations among social experiences, meaningfulness, and relapse were examined using multilevel modeling.

Results

Between-person variability accounted for 52% (95% CI = 0.35, 0.67) of variance in end-of-day meaningfulness. End-of-day meaningfulness was higher on days when participants reported more positive social experiences (β = 1.17, SE = 0.33, p < .05, ΔR² = 0.041). On average, participants who relapsed within four months post-residential treatment exhibited greater within-day reactivity to negative social experiences (β = −1.89, SE = 0.88, p < .05, ΔR² = 0.024) during treatment than participants who remained abstinent.

Conclusion

Individual differences in maintaining meaningfulness day by day when faced with negative social experiences may contribute to the risk of relapse in the early months following residential treatment.

中文翻译：

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阿片类药物使用障碍患者的日常意义：检查住院治疗期间社会经验的作用以及与治疗后复发的联系

背景

有意义的感觉是成功治疗成瘾的重要初始指标，并支持更大的恢复过程。大多数研究将意义视为一种静态特征，并没有评估意义在个体内部可能变化的程度，或者它如何响应日常生活事件（如社会经历）而变化。

方法

生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 用于： 1) 检查接受处方阿片类药物使用障碍住院治疗的患者在意义方面的个体差异量；2) 确定这种可变性是否与日常积极或消极的社会体验有关；3) 评估这些日常关系是否与治疗后四个月的复发有关。参与者（N  = 73，77% 男性，M_年龄 = 30.10，范围 = 19-61）每天完成四次基于智能手机的评估，持续 12 天。使用多层次模型检查了社会经验、意义和复发之间的关联。

结果

人际变异性占日终意义差异的 52% (95% CI = 0.35, 0.67)。当参与者报告更积极的社会经历时，一天结束的意义更高（β = 1.17，SE  = 0.33，p  < .05，ΔR ²  = 0.041）。平均而言，在住院治疗后四个月内复发的参与者在治疗期间表现出对负面社会经历的更大的日内反应（β = -1.89，SE  = 0.88，p  < .05，ΔR ²  = 0.024）比保持戒断的参与者.

结论

当面对消极的社会经历时，个体在日常保持意义方面的差异可能会导致住院治疗后最初几个月复发的风险。