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The Voyage of Metals in the Universe from Cosmological to Planetary Scales: the need for a Very High-Resolution, High Throughput Soft X-ray Spectrometer
Experimental Astronomy ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s10686-021-09710-2
F. Nicastro , J. Kaastra , C. Argiroffi , E. Behar , S. Bianchi , F. Bocchino , S. Borgani , G. Branduardi-Raymont , J. Bregman , E. Churazov , M. Diaz-Trigo , C. Done , J. Drake , T. Fang , N. Grosso , A. Luminari , M. Mehdipour , F. Paerels , E. Piconcelli , C. Pinto , D. Porquet , J. Reeves , J. Schaye , S. Sciortino , R. Smith , D. Spiga , R. Tomaru , F. Tombesi , N. Wijers , L. Zappacosta

Metals form an essential part of the Universe at all scales. Without metals we would not exist, and the Universe would look completely different. Metals are primarily produced via nuclear processes in stars, and spread out through winds or explosions, which pollute the surrounding space. The wanderings of metals in-and-out of astronomical objects are crucial in determining their own evolution and thus that of the Universe as a whole. Detecting metals and assessing their relative and absolute abundances and energetics can thus be used to trace the evolution of these cosmic components. The scope of this paper is to highlight the most important open astrophysical problems that will be central in the next decades and for which a deep understanding of the Universe’s wandering metals, their physical and kinematical states, and their chemical composition represents the only viable solution. The majority of these studies can only be efficiently performed through High Resolution Spectroscopy in the soft X-ray band.



中文翻译:

从宇宙尺度到行星尺度的宇宙金属航程:对非常高分辨率,高通量的软X射线光谱仪的需求

在所有规模上,金属都是宇宙的重要组成部分。没有金属,我们将不存在,宇宙看上去将完全不同。金属主要是通过恒星中的核过程产生的,并通过风或爆炸传播,这污染了周围的空间。金属在天文物体中的进出漫游对于确定其自身以及整个宇宙的演化至关重要。因此,可以使用检测金属并评估其相对和绝对丰度以及高能学来追踪这些宇宙成分的演变。本文的范围是强调最重要的开放性天体物理学问题,这些问题将在未来几十年内成为中心问题,对此有深刻的理解宇宙中徘徊的金属,它们的物理和运动状态以及它们的化学组成是唯一可行的解​​决方案。这些研究中的大多数只能通过软X射线波段的高分辨率光谱有效地进行。

更新日期:2021-03-16
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