The characteristics of parents' gender roles directly impact the children's gender roles, thus forming intergenerational transmission of gender roles (ITGR). Based on the bioecological theory, this study conducted a paired survey of adolescents (generation 2 [G2]) and their parents (generation 1 [G1]), and explored the ITGR in different family structures, examining the influence mechanism of various factors in the family microsystem on ITGR. Results: Both in single-parent families and two-parent families, the distribution of gender-role types of G2 is similar to that of G1, and the distribution of undifferentiated and androgyny in the two generations is bipolar. In single-parent families, the proportion of undifferentiated is the highest in both G1 and G2, and is significantly higher than that in two-parent families. In two-parent families, the proportion of androgyny is the highest in both G1 and G2, which is significantly higher than that of single-parent families. Family socioeconomic status, family structure, and parental child-rearing gender-role attitudes as three family environment factors, as well as the gender and age of children as two individual factors, significantly influence ITGR. The mediating analysis shows parental child-rearing gender-role attitude plays a mediating role in the influence of family structure on ITGR.

父母性别角色的特征直接影响孩子的性别角色，从而形成了性别角色的代际传递（ITGR）。本研究基于生物生态学原理，对青少年（第2代[G2]）和父母（第1代[G1]）及其父母进行了配对调查，并探讨了不同家庭结构中的ITGR，并研究了各种因素对儿童的影响机制。 ITGR上的家庭微系统。结果：在单亲家庭和双亲家庭中，G2的性别角色类型的分布与G1相似，两代中未分化的雌雄同体的分布是双极的。在单亲家庭中，未分化的比例在G1和G2中最高，并且显着高于双亲家庭。在两个父母的家庭中 G1和G2中雌雄同体的比例最高，明显高于单亲家庭。家庭社会经济地位，家庭结构和父母育儿的性别角色态度是三个家庭环境因素，而子女的性别和年龄是两个单独的因素，对ITGR有显着影响。中介分析表明，父母育儿性别角色的态度在家庭结构对ITGR的影响中起中介作用。显着影响ITGR。中介分析表明，父母育儿性别角色的态度在家庭结构对ITGR的影响中起中介作用。显着影响ITGR。中介分析表明，父母育儿性别角色的态度在家庭结构对ITGR的影响中起中介作用。