Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder with a hidden onset, including difficult early detection and diagnosis. Nevertheless, the new crucial biomarkers for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of AD need to be explored further. Here, the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through a comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses revealed that these DEGs were mainly associated with biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, which are involved in multiple cellular functions. Next, we found that 9 of the 24 genes showed the same regulatory changes in the blood of patients with AD compared to those in the GEO database, and 2 of the 24 genes showed a significant correlation with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. Finally, we determined that mice with AD and elderly mice had the same regulatory changes in the identified DEGs in both the blood and hippocampus. Our study identified several potential core biomarkers of AD and aging, which could contribute to the early detection, differential diagnosis, treatment, and pathological analysis of AD.

中文翻译：

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与阿尔茨海默氏病和衰老相关的基因相关生物标记物

阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）是最常见的痴呆类型，是一种神经退行性疾病，具有隐匿性发作，包括难以及早发现和诊断。然而，用于AD的诊断和发病机理的新的关键生物标志物需要进一步探索。在这里，通过对来自基因表达综合库（GEO）数据库的基因表达谱进行全面分析，确定了常见的差异表达基因（DEG）。此外，《基因本体论》和《京都基因与基因组百科全书》路径分析显示，这些DEG主要与生物过程，细胞成分和分子功能有关，而这些功能涉及多种细胞功能。接下来，我们发现24种基因中的9种与AD数据库中的基因相比，在AD患者的血液中显示出相同的调节变化，24个基因中的2个与蒙特利尔认知评估得分显着相关。最后，我们确定患有AD的小鼠和老年小鼠在血液和海马体中已鉴定的DEG中具有相同的调节变化。我们的研究确定了AD和衰老的几种潜在核心生物标志物，它们可能有助于AD的早期发现，鉴别诊断，治疗和病理分析。