The oil discovery in the Arab Gulf, and particularly in Kuwait, has led to rapid urbanization, population development, industrialization, and, with it, many problems of oil and nonoil pollution. The rapid growth of the manufacturing sector in Kuwait occurred mainly along its coastal margins. Natural oil sequestration areas have been established and are deemed as critical point pollution sources at different locations along the coast. This has allowed the release of a variety of toxins directly into the marine ecosystem, including petroleum hydrocarbons. The ecotoxicological effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the aquatic environment have been causing a significant concern. Much work concentrated primarily on hydrocarbon emissions from petroleum/combustion, with few papers authenticating other target POPs (PCBs, PBDEs, and dioxins). This study aims to reflect past ideas on the production and sources of POPs in the marine environment in Kuwait and their comparison with worldwide outcomes. Much of the literature reviewed reported that while Kuwait’s aquatic ecosystem has been exposed to a wide variety of incidents of pollution, overall emission rates remain relatively low. Nonetheless, soil pollution hotspots are also associated with point sources of chemical waste, such as those from the Shuaiba industrial area, in a variety of areas along the coast.

中文翻译：

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科威特沿海环境中的持久性有机污染物概述

在阿拉伯海湾，特别是在科威特的石油发现，导致了快速的城市化，人口发展，工业化，并随之带来了许多石油和非石油污染问题。科威特制造业的快速增长主要发生在沿海地区。已经建立了天然石油封存区，并被视为沿海不同地点的临界点污染源。这使得多种毒素直接释放到海洋生态系统中，包括石油碳氢化合物。持久性有机污染物（POPs）在水生环境中的生态毒理效应引起了人们的极大关注。许多工作主要集中在石油/燃烧产生的碳氢化合物排放上，很少有论文证明了其他目标持久性有机污染物（多氯联苯，多溴二苯醚和二恶英）。这项研究旨在反映过去关于科威特海洋环境中持久性有机污染物的生产和来源的想法，并将其与世界范围的结果进行比较。审查的许多文献都报告说，尽管科威特的水生生态系统暴露于各种各样的污染事件中，但总体排放率仍然相对较低。尽管如此，土壤污染热点还与化学废物的点源有关，例如沿海多个地区的Shuaiba工业区的化学废物。总体排放率仍然较低。尽管如此，土壤污染热点还与化学废物的点源有关，例如沿海多个地区的Shuaiba工业区的化学废物。总体排放率仍然较低。尽管如此，土壤污染热点还与化学废物的点源有关，例如沿海多个地区的Shuaiba工业区的化学废物。