Sovereign wealth funds (SWF) are a type of fund which are established and operated by the state. They came into the limelight after the financial crises of 2007–08, when they saved the most emblematic listed companies in the USA and Europe. The aim of the article is to explore certain key issues related to sovereign wealth funds. The paper discusses the origins of the term and certain related economic concepts, including factors which resulted in the creation of sovereign wealth funds. The legal background is also elaborated on both international and national levels, giving an insight to the regulatory framework. The article closes with propounding a sovereign wealth fund in Hungary based on the National Investment Agency model proposed by Hockett and Omarova. This section gives an overview of state property management and its legal background. The increasing activity in the management of international reserves by the National Bank of Hungary and the expansion of the regulatory background for trust-like institutions are all pointing towards the possibility of a Hungarian sovereign wealth fund.

中文翻译：

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主权财富基金的法律背景及其在国家经济中的作用

主权财富基金（SWF）是一种由国家设立和运营的基金。在2007-08年的金融危机之后，他们成为众人瞩目的焦点，当时他们挽救了美国和欧洲最具代表性的上市公司。本文旨在探讨与主权财富基金有关的某些关键问题。本文讨论了该术语的起源以及某些相关的经济概念，包括导致建立主权财富基金的因素。还详细阐述了国际和国家两级的法律背景，使人们对监管框架有了深刻的了解。文章最后以基于Hockett和Omarova提出的National Investment Agency模式的匈牙利主权财富基金的建议为基础。本节概述了国有财产管理及其法律背景。