Reviewed by:

• Lone Star Suburbs: Life on the Texas Metropolitan Frontier ed. by Paul J. P. Sandul and M. Scott Sosebee
• Jerry González

"Texas is a suburban state" (3). This is the provocative thesis and the investigatory challenge posed by Paul J. P. Sandul and M. Scott Sosebee in this important edited volume. Aimed directly at purveyors of Texas exceptionalism, the contributing authors collectively advance an argument that the under-analyzed suburban story is actually the central history of post-World War II Texas. Traditional historiographies that center on the range, cowboys, and the Alamo, they assert, deny Texas its place in another paradigm of United States history, thereby obscuring the state's suburban past. [End Page 368] Lone Star Suburbs offers a primer in connecting Texas to larger historical paradigms.

Rapid decentralization in the early twentieth century produced intense competition between large cities and independent communities for land control and development, tax revenues, and market influence. In the postwar period, Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio annexed large tracts of land to stifle and discourage incorporation drives by communities that had developed outside city limits. Although Houston and San Antonio proved relatively successful and were not heavily burdened by the economic investment that followed annexation, Dallas proved only moderately successful in dominating the metropolitan region. Irving is a case in point of the Disneyland model of growth-machine politics that became a hallmark of suburban development. Rather than being an accidental byproduct of urban development, the Dallas–Forth Worth Metroplex resulted from intentional planning and investment in development that yielded its iconic Texas Stadium, which then served simultaneously as a means to satisfy consumer desires and to generate further economic development, in part by luring capital away from Dallas and relocating it to the suburbs.

Federal investment further incentivized decentralization. The Federal Aid Highway Acts of 1944 and 1956, with twin objectives of creating adequate defense infrastructure and facilitating international and local commerce, hastened suburbanization. As in many places throughout the United States, urban construction projects slowed. Wartime imperatives redirected funds to defense. Urban planners used the lull in development to assess traffic needs and plan solutions for road congestion. Freeway planning in Houston, Dallas, Fort Worth, and San Antonio transformed the built environments for increased suburban auto mobility.

As in every region in the United States, the racial, cultural, and economic boundaries of the Texas metropolis defined suburbia as much as, if not more than, the built environment and political investment. From the "yee haws" and "Amens" of cowboy churches to Black folks who challenged redlining and its legacies to Vietnamese commercial activity that carved out an ethnic space for refugees, Texas's suburban cultural milieu now shows signs of tremendous diversity with significantly more topics to explore.

As important as this text is to the literature, its aim is to inspire further investigation. For example, as a significant part of the U.S.–Mexico borderlands, Latinx suburban experiences in Texas surely abound but await scholarly inquiry. Affluent suburbs like the Sonterra development in northside San Antonio, affectionately referred to as 'Sonterrey' by the may monteregianos who have settled behind the walls of the closed community, have become important landing sites for Mexianos who have fled various hot spots of narcotics related violence. Undoubtedly, as the historiography of Lone Star suburbia develops, fresh topics will enter the [End Page 369] discussion and bring more weight to bear on the swaybacked old horse of Texas exceptionalism.

审核人：

• 《孤星郊区：德州都市圈的生活》 ed。Paul JP Sandul和M.Scott Sosebee
• 杰里·冈萨雷斯（JerryGonzález）

“得克萨斯州是郊区州”（3）。这是保罗·桑德勒（Paul JP Sandul）和斯科特·索斯比（M. Scott Sosebee）在这本重要的编辑著作中的挑衅性论点和调查挑战。论文的作者直接针对德克萨斯州例外主义的提供者，他们共同提出了一个论点，即被忽视的郊区故事实际上是第二次世界大战后德克萨斯州的中心历史。他们断言，以山脉，牛仔和阿拉莫为中心的传统史学否认德克萨斯州在美国历史的另一范式中的地位，从而掩盖了该州郊区的过去。[结束页368] 孤星郊区为将德克萨斯州与更大的历史范式联系起来提供了基础。

在20世纪初期，快速的权力下放在大城市和独立社区之间引发了激烈的竞争，争夺土地控制和发展，税收和市场影响力。在战后时期，达拉斯，休斯敦和圣安东尼奥吞并了大片土地，以扼杀和阻止那些在城市范围之外发展的社区进行的并购活动。尽管休斯敦和圣安东尼奥被证明是相对成功的，并没有为吞并之后的经济投资带来沉重负担，但达拉斯在统治大都市区方面仅取得了中等成功。欧文就是迪斯尼乐园的增长机器政治模型的一个例子，该模型成为郊区发展的标志。与其成为城市发展的偶然副产品，不如说是

联邦投资进一步激励了权力下放。1944年和1956年的《联邦援助公路法》以建立适当的国防基础设施和便利国际和本地商业为双重目标，加快了郊区化进程。像美国许多地方一样，城市建设项目也有所放缓。战时的当务之急是将资金转移到国防领域。城市规划人员利用开发的停滞期来评估交通需求并规划道路拥堵的解决方案。休斯顿，达拉斯，沃思堡和圣安东尼奥市的高速公路规划改变了建筑环境，增加了郊区的汽车机动性。

与美国的每个地区一样，得克萨斯州大都市的种族，文化和经济边界将郊区定义为与建筑环境和政治投资相同甚至更多的数量。从牛仔教堂的“ yee haws”和“ Amens”，到挑战红线及其遗产的越南人，再到越南的商业活动，这些活动为难民创造了种族空间，德克萨斯州的郊区文化环境现在显示出巨大的多样性迹象，涉及的主题明显更多。探索。

正如本文对文学一样重要，其目的是激发进一步的研究。例如，作为美国-墨西哥边境地区的重要部分，德克萨斯州的拉丁裔郊区经历肯定比比皆是，但仍在等待学术研究。富裕的郊区，如圣安东尼奥市北部的Sonterra开发区，被定居在封闭社区墙后的五月蒙特雷吉亚诺人亲切地称为“桑特雷” ，已成为逃离各种毒品暴力热点地区的墨西哥裔重要的着陆点。毫无疑问，随着《孤星》郊区史的发展，新的话题将进入[End Page 369]讨论，并将更多的重心放在得克萨斯州的例外情况上摇摆不定的那匹老马。