The meeting between David Livingstone and Henry M. Stanley in the autumn of 1871 in the village of Ujiji, on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in present-day Tanzania, was an incident in history that has enjoyed spectacular and long-standing popularity. Livingstone, a Scot who had already undertaken explorations of Africa for two decades, but whose whereabouts had been unknown for some years, was sought for and “found” by Stanley, an enterprising young Welsh-American journalist in the service of The New York Herald. Numerous generations have learned to know the words uttered by Stanley and to recognise the manner in which the two explorers greeted each other by raising their hats. The scene, which seemed to crystallize the heroism—and solitude—of European explorers in Africa, was not only familiar to the British and Americans, but also became the cultural property of the wider Western public. The long-lasting popularity of the event has attracted the attention of scholars, who have sought to investigate the physical setting and concrete aspects of the meeting. The exact date of the meeting, for example, has been the subject of debate and, consequently, scholars situate it either in late October or early November 1871.1 The authenticity of the famous words of Stanley—“Dr. Livingstone, I presume?”—has also been questioned. Tim Jeal argues that the greeting was almost certainly never uttered in the actual meeting but invented by Stanley on his way back to Europe in order to present himself in a gentlemanly and dignified manner.2 According to Jeal, the greeting soon began to be cited in too many newspapers, advertisements, music-hall comedies, and other contexts to be denied.3 Scholars have also sought to explain why the encounter became such an important moment in the history of African exploration. It has been described as being essential in establishing the fame of both Stanley and Livingstone.4 Clare Pettitt has suggested that we would probably not remember Visualizing the StanleyLivingstone Meeting  The Birth and Lives of an Iconic Scene in Print Media and Beyond since 1872

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可视化斯坦利利文斯通会议：自 1872 年以来印刷媒体及其他领域标志性场景的诞生和生活

大卫·利文斯通和亨利·M·斯坦利于 1871 年秋天在位于今坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖岸边的乌吉吉村会面，这是历史上发生的一件壮观而长久以来广受欢迎的事件。利文斯通是一名苏格兰人，他已经对非洲进行了 20 年的探索，但他的下落多年不为人知，被斯坦利寻找并“找到”，斯坦利是一名为《纽约先驱报》服务的有进取心的年轻威尔士裔美国记者. 无数代人都学会了认识斯坦利所说的话，也学会了认识两位探险家举帽打招呼的方式。这一场景似乎体现了欧洲探险家在非洲的英雄主义和孤独，不仅英国人和美国人熟悉，但也成为更广泛的西方公众的文化财产。该活动的长期流行引起了学者的关注，他们试图调查会议的物理环境和具体方面。例如，会议的确切日期一直是争论的主题，因此，学者们将其定在 1871 年 10 月下旬或 11 月上旬。1 斯坦利的名言的真实性——“博士。我想是利文斯通吧？”——也受到了质疑。蒂姆·杰尔争辩说，问候语几乎可以肯定从未在实际会议中说出来，而是斯坦利在返回欧洲的途中发明的，以便以绅士和有尊严的方式展示自己。 2 根据杰尔的说法，问候语很快开始被引用太多的报纸、广告、音乐厅喜剧，3 学者们还试图解释为什么这次相遇成为非洲探险史上如此重要的时刻。它被描述为对建立斯坦利和利文斯通的名声至关重要。 4 克莱尔佩蒂特建议我们可能不会记得想象斯坦利利文斯通会议  自 1872 年以来印刷媒体及其他标志性场景的诞生和生活