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Packaging Polytheism as Monotheism: A Study of the Mythopoeic Deity in Tolkien’s The Silmarillion
Religion and the Arts Pub Date : 2020-04-22 , DOI: 10.1163/15685292-02401014
Ashna Mary Jacob 1 , Nirmala Menon 1
Affiliation  

This essay deconstructs the godhead that Tolkien constructs in his mythopoeia. Tolkien’s polychronicon, The Silmarillion, splits the godhead between a creator God and a pantheon of gods and goddesses. Tolkien claims that Ilúvatar is a Yahweh-like God and the primary deity; on the other hand, the Valar, the fourteen gods and goddesses created by this primary God, who assist in creation, shape the world, have power over elements, and reign as ‘mistaken gods’ among the Elves, Dwarves, and Men, are not deities. This split of godhead is ignored, and the mythopoeic deity acclaimed as the biblical God and his angels is upheld as a Christian allegory. The essay negates the Christian parallels associated with Ilúvatar and Valar and establishes that Tolkien packages polytheism as monotheism. Monotheism does not permit secondary god/gods. Polytheism on the other hand often features an abstract creator God who creates a polytheistic pantheon. Tolkien’s model, which features a Creator deity and a pantheon of created deities, falls under the second category. The essay infers that Tolkien’s two-tier godhead firstly invalidates the norm of monotheism, and secondly conforms to creator deity and created deity structure of polytheism.



中文翻译:

将多神教包装为一神教:托尔金《魔幻世界》中神话般的神性研究

这篇文章解构了托尔金在他的神话故事中构造的神格。托尔金的年代记The Silmarillion,在创建者上帝与万神殿和女神万神殿之间分割神格。托尔金声称伊鲁瓦塔尔是耶和华一样的上帝,是主要的神灵。另一方面,这个主要神创造的瓦拉(Valar),十四位神和女神协助创造,塑造世界,掌控元素并在精灵,矮人和人类中以“错误的神”统治。不是神。这种神性的分裂被忽略了,被称为圣经神和他的使者的神话神被奉为基督教的寓言。这篇文章否定了与伊卢瓦塔尔(Ilúvatar)和瓦拉尔(Valar)有关的基督教相似之处,并确立了托尔金将多神教打包为一神教。一神教不允许次要神/神。另一方面,多神教通常以抽象创造者上帝为特色,他创造了一个多神教的万神殿。托尔金的模型 它以创造者神和创造神的万神殿为特色,属于第二类。文章推断托尔金的两层神格首先使一神教的规范无效,其次符合造物主的神性和创造的多神论的神性结构。

更新日期:2020-04-22
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