The Anthropocene denotes the impact of human activity on Earth systems, resulting in mass extinctions of plant and animal species, pollution of oceans, lakes and rivers, and altering of the atmosphere. The Anthropocene signifies the mass control of nature by humans, the erasure of boundaries between humanity and nature, and the threat to human existence by human-made technology. How can biological humans flourish, if their physical environment, the very condition of their existence, is destroyed? What does it mean to thrive as a human in an age when human-made machines threaten to make humanity obsolete? How does human flourishing relate to human history? This essay argues that the monotheistic traditions, and Judaism in particular, offer meaningful religious imaginaries for the Anthropocene because they envision human flourishing as embodied, ecological and historically grounded. In contrast to secular imaginaries, which either declare the “end of nature” or envision the obsolescence of biological humanity, the Judaic religious imaginary honors the interconnectedness and interdependence of all creatures, while recognizing human responsibility toward the well-being of the natural world. Viewing nature as divinely created, and, thus “enchanted” by the divine presence, the Judaic religious imaginary offers a vision of human flourishing based on the ethics of care and responsibility that enables humanity to respond and perhaps even prevent further ecological collapse.

人类世是人类活动对地球系统的影响，导致动植物物种的大规模灭绝，海洋，湖泊和河流的污染以及大气的变化。人类世意味着人类对自然的大规模控制，人类与自然之间界限的消除以及人造技术对人类生存的威胁。如果人类的生存环境和生存环境遭到破坏，人类将如何繁荣发展？在人造机器威胁要淘汰人类的时代，以人类的身份繁荣发展意味着什么？人类的繁荣与人类的历史有何关系？本文认为，一神论传统，尤其是犹太教，为人类世提供了有意义的宗教想象，因为它们设想了人类的蓬勃发展，生态和历史根基。与宣称“自然终结”或预见生物人类已经过时的世俗假想相反，犹太宗教假想在尊重人类对自然世界的福祉的同时，尊重所有生物的相互联系和相互依存。犹太自然界认为自然是神创造的，因此被神的存在“迷住了”，它基于关怀和责任伦理，提供了人类蓬勃发展的远景，使人们能够做出回应，甚至防止进一步的生态崩溃。犹太宗教假想派在尊重人类对自然世界的福祉的同时，尊重所有生物的相互联系和相互依存。犹太自然界认为自然是神创造的，因此被神的存在“迷住了”，它基于关怀和责任伦理，提供了人类蓬勃发展的愿景，使人们能够做出回应，甚至防止进一步的生态崩溃。犹太宗教假想派在尊重人类对自然世界的福祉的同时，尊重所有生物的相互联系和相互依存。犹太自然界认为自然是神创造的，因此被神的存在“迷住了”，它基于关怀和责任伦理，提供了人类蓬勃发展的愿景，使人们能够做出回应，甚至防止进一步的生态崩溃。