This essay explores the forms of political legitimacy claimed by Muslim sultans and received by their Muslim and non-Muslim subjects in sultanate and early Mughal Kashmir. The establishment of the Shahmirid sultanate in 1339 marked the beginning of a new multilingual situation where Sanskrit and Persian were both used as official languages. In such a situation, presentation of the Shahmirids’ political legitimacy took different forms depending on the language in which it was made. Shahmirid sultans declared their Indic legitimacy in Sanskrit and Islamic legitimacy in Persian. A polyglot chose the Indic legitimacy to praise the contemporary sultan in his Sanskrit writing with full knowledge of the Islamic legitimacy claimed by the same sultan. In such a situation, a ruler’s action that was deeply linked with his claim of legitimacy, e.g., Akbar’s sun-veneration could be interpreted differently by the observers depending on the language used to express their interpretations.

本文探讨了苏丹苏丹主张的政治合法性形式，并由苏丹和莫卧儿·克什米尔早期的穆斯林和非穆斯林臣民接受。1339年建立沙赫米尔苏丹国标志着新的多语种形势的开始，梵语和波斯语均被用作官方语言。在这种情况下，取决于语言的表达，对Shahmirids的政治合法性的介绍采取了不同的形式。沙赫米里德苏丹宣布他们在梵文中具有印度合法性，并在波斯语中宣布其伊斯兰合法性。一个多语种选择了印度合法性来赞扬当代苏丹，他在梵文中充分了解了同一苏丹所宣称的伊斯兰合法性。在这种情况下，统治者的行动与其合法性主张息息相关，例如，观察者可以根据用来表达其解释的语言来不同地解释阿克巴的太阳崇拜。