In 2013, the Mexican government approved an ambitious energy reform that sought, among other things, to generate an industrial impact on other previously liberalized industries such as petrochemicals. However, despite being a reform full of opportunities, it is difficult to identify the role of the public company Pemex in the pursuit of these industrial objectives, which would help to clarify the limited role that the company has been playing in that industry over the last decades and to explain the disturbing results that it shows in the productive field even after the approval of the energy reform. This paper confirms how the industrial policy applied in Mexico since the 1980s substantially modified the role of Pemex in the petrochemical industry, which had a negative impact on the results of the company and helps to explain the serious situation in which it finds itself.

2013年，墨西哥政府批准了一项雄心勃勃的能源改革，除其他外，该改革旨在对其他先前自由化的行业（如石化产品）产生工业影响。但是，尽管改革充满机遇，但很难确定上市公司Pemex在追求这些工业目标中的作用，这将有助于弄清该公司在过去的那个行业中一直发挥的有限作用。几十年来，并解释了即使在能源改革获得批准后，它在生产领域所显示的令人不安的结果。本文证实了自1980年代以来在墨西哥实施的工业政策如何极大地改变了Pemex在石化行业中的作用，