ABSTRACT

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely distributed soil-borne microorganisms, which have a symbiotic relationship with several terrestrial plants. They play a key role in plant growth promotion and development, plant nutrient homeostasis, soil nutrient management, and induction of plant defense mechanisms against pest infestation and disease incidences. This interaction of AMF with rice plants has been studied in great detail, providing distinct perspectives on the natural basis of nutrient transport, stress management, improvement of soil health, and induction of systemic plant resistance. This review highlights the responses of (i) AMF interaction with rice plants, (ii) AMF colonization and sporulation potential in rice rhizosphere, (iii) AMF species as a source of inoculum for rice production, (iv) AMF for rice plant maintenance and durability, and (v) AMF responses to other soil microorganisms. Additionally, a new class of phytohormones known as strigolactone (SLs) has been briefly described covering the various forms of analogs, isomers, and membrane transporters. The role of SLs in pre-symbiotic molecular talks, induction of energy metabolism in mitochondria, spore germination, stimulation of hyphal branches, and the relationships of SLs synthesis with soil nutrient content provides in-depth insights into the mechanisms involved in improving AMF interactions with rice plants.

摘要

丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）是分布广泛的土传微生物，与多种陆生植物存在共生关系。它们在植物生长促进和发育、植物养分稳态、土壤养分管理以及诱导植物防御机制对抗虫害和疾病发生方面发挥着关键作用。已经对 AMF 与水稻的这种相互作用进行了非常详细的研究，为养分运输、压力管理、土壤健康改善和植物系统抗性诱导的自然基础提供了独特的视角。本综述强调了 (i) AMF 与水稻植物的相互作用，(ii) AMF 在水稻根际定植和孢子形成的潜力，(iii) AMF 物种作为水稻生产接种物的来源，(iv) 用于水稻植株维持和耐久性的 AMF，以及 (v) AMF 对其他土壤微生物的反应。此外，还简要描述了一类新的植物激素，称为独脚金内酯 (SL)，涵盖各种形式的类似物、异构体和膜转运蛋白。SLs 在共生前分子对话中的作用、线粒体能量代谢的诱导、孢子萌发、菌丝分枝的刺激以及 SLs 合成与土壤养分含量的关系提供了对改善 AMF 相互作用的机制的深入见解水稻植物。