ABSTRACT

Sensitivity to emotional face aids in rapid detection and evaluation of others, such that by school-age, children and youth exhibit adult-like patterns when the prolonged viewing of an emotional face distorts the perception of a subsequent face. However, the developmental considerations of this phenomenon (known as emotional adaptive coding) are unclear given ongoing maturational and experiential changes, including the influence of own-race experiences or the lack of face expertise, as is evident in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study addressed whether emotional adaptive coding is sensitive to factors of face perception expertise, specifically self-race and developmental experience, in adults (age 19–28 years) and youth (age 10–16 years). Emotional adaptive coding was not influenced by race expertise (i.e., other versus same race identity) in White and Asian adults. Emotional adaptation coding during childhood and adolescence is consistent with adults, though youth with ASD exhibited stronger adaptor after-effects in response to other-race faces, relative to TD youth and adults. By extending prior work to examine the integration of race and emotional adaptive coding in ASD, we discovered that the strength of response in ASD is atypical when viewing other-race faces, which clarifies the role of racial and facial experience on emotional face adaption.

摘要

对情绪面孔的敏感性有助于快速检测和评估他人，因此在学龄期，当长时间观看情绪面孔会扭曲对后续面孔的感知时，儿童和青少年会表现出类似成人的模式。然而，这种现象的发展考虑（称为情绪适应性编码) 尚不清楚，因为持续的成熟和经验变化，包括自己种族经历的影响或缺乏面部专业知识，这在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中很明显。本研究探讨了成人（19-28 岁）和青少年（10-16 岁）的情绪适应性编码是否对面部感知专业知识的因素敏感，特别是自我种族和发展经验。情绪适应性编码不受白人和亚洲成年人种族专业知识（即其他种族身份与相同种族身份）的影响。儿童和青春期的情绪适应编码与成人一致，尽管与 TD 青少年和成人相比，患有 ASD 的青少年对其他种族面孔的反应表现出更强的适应后效应。通过扩展先前的工作来检查 ASD 中种族和情绪自适应编码的整合，