Many studies have demonstrated that collective efficacy is associated with positive health outcomes, lower crime, and violence in urban communities, and residents’ emotional connection to their community. Remediation of blighted properties has been theoretically linked to increases in collective efficacy. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of blighted property remediation on city non-emergency 311 calls for public incivilities and deterioration, as potential markers of collective efficacy. We used a quasi-experimental design to test whether 311 calls for service changed around remediated vacant lots in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, many of which were left vacant after Hurricane Katrina in 2005. In six city neighborhoods eligible for blighted property remediation as part of a city program, 203 treated vacant lots were matched 1:3 without replacement to control lots that were eligible for but did not receive treatment. This yielded a total of 812 vacant lots partitioned within 48 months, or 38,976 lot-months. Controls were in the same New Orleans neighborhoods as their matched treatment lots but were at least 250 feet away to minimize contamination. Overall difference-in-differences models detected postintervention declines in calls related to dumping and garbage, and slight but mostly non-significant changes in calls between intervention and control lots in all but calls for dumping and vehicles. Blighted property remediation may have an impact on dumping and garbage, which is important. Despite being geographically specific, low-cost and longitudinal, the nature of 311 calls and structural and historic factors at play in both the concentration of vacant properties in communities and residents’ willingness to call must be considered. Further analyses of changes in 311 data and additional qualitative inquiry are warranted to more fully determine the utility of these data.

中文翻译：

---

社区破旧财产拆除和非紧急服务的 311 呼叫：社会控制标志的测试

许多研究表明，集体效能与积极的健康结果、较低的城市社区犯罪和暴力以及居民与社区的情感联系有关。从理论上讲，修复枯萎的特性与提高集体效率有关。本研究的目的是检查破旧财产修复对城市非紧急 311 呼吁公共不文明行为和恶化的影响，作为集体效能的潜在标志。我们使用准实验设计来测试美国路易斯安那州新奥尔良修复后的空地周围的 311 服务呼叫是否发生变化，其中许多空地在 2005 年卡特里娜飓风过后仍然空置。在六个符合破旧财产修复条件的城市社区中，城市计划的一部分，将 203 个处理过的空地与符合条件但未接受处理的对照地块进行 1:3 匹配，无需更换。这在 48 个月内产生了总共 812 个空地，或 38,976 个地块月。对照组与匹配的治疗区位于新奥尔良的同一街区，但至少相距 250 英尺，以最大程度地减少污染。总体差分模型检测到干预后与倾倒和垃圾相关的电话减少，干预和控制批次之间的呼叫发生轻微但大部分不显着的变化，除了倾倒和车辆的电话。枯萎的财产修复可能会对倾倒和垃圾产生影响，这很重要。尽管具有特定地域性、低成本和纵向性，必须考虑 311 呼叫的性质，以及影响社区空置物业集中度和居民呼叫意愿的结构性和历史性因素。有必要进一步分析 311 数据的变化和额外的定性调查，以更充分地确定这些数据的效用。