Antimicrobial peptides are naturally occurring protein molecules with antibacterial, antiviral and/or antifungal activity. Some antimicrobial peptides kill microorganisms through direct binding with negatively charged microbial surfaces. This action disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane and leads to the leakage of the cytoplasm. In addition, they are involved in the innate immune response. Antimicrobial peptides play an important role in oral health, as natural antimicrobial peptides are the first line of host defence in response to microbial infection. The level of natural antimicrobial peptides increases during severe disease conditions and play a role in promoting the healing of oral tissues. However, they are insufficient for eliminating pathogenic micro-organisms. The variability of the oral environment can markedly reduce the effect of natural antimicrobial peptides. Thus, researchers are developing synthetic antimicrobial peptides with promising stability and biocompatibility. Synthetic antimicrobial peptides are a potential alternative to traditional antimicrobial therapy. Pertinent to oral diseases, the deregulation of antimicrobial peptides is involved in the pathogenesis of dental caries, periodontal disease, mucosal disease and oral cancer, where they can kill pathogenic microorganisms, promote tissue healing, serve as biomarkers and inhibit tumor cells. This narrative review provides an overview of the multifaceted roles of antimicrobial peptides in oral diseases.

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抗菌肽在口腔疾病中的多方面作用

抗菌肽是具有抗菌，抗病毒和/或抗真菌活性的天然蛋白质分子。一些抗菌肽通过与带负电的微生物表面直接结合而杀死微生物。该作用破坏细胞质膜并导致细胞质泄漏。另外，它们参与先天免疫应答。抗菌肽在口腔健康中起着重要作用，因为天然抗菌肽是宿主应对微生物感染的第一道防线。天然抗菌肽的水平在严重的疾病条件下会增加，并在促进口腔组织的愈合中发挥作用。但是，它们不足以消除病原微生物。口腔环境的可变性会明显降低天然抗菌肽的作用。因此，研究人员正在开发具有希望的稳定性和生物相容性的合成抗菌肽。合成的抗菌肽是传统抗菌疗法的潜在替代品。与口腔疾病有关，抗菌肽的失调涉及龋齿，牙周病，粘膜病和口腔癌的发病机理，它们可以杀死病原微生物，促进组织愈合，充当生物标志物和抑制肿瘤细胞。该叙述性综述概述了抗菌肽在口腔疾病中的多方面作用。合成的抗菌肽是传统抗菌疗法的潜在替代品。与口腔疾病有关，抗菌肽的失调涉及龋齿，牙周病，粘膜病和口腔癌的发病机理，它们可以杀死病原微生物，促进组织愈合，充当生物标志物和抑制肿瘤细胞。这篇叙述性综述概述了抗菌肽在口腔疾病中的多方面作用。合成的抗菌肽是传统抗菌疗法的潜在替代品。与口腔疾病有关，抗菌肽的失调涉及龋齿，牙周病，粘膜病和口腔癌的发病机理，它们可以杀死病原微生物，促进组织愈合，充当生物标志物和抑制肿瘤细胞。这篇叙述性综述概述了抗菌肽在口腔疾病中的多方面作用。用作生物标志物并抑制肿瘤细胞。该叙述性综述概述了抗菌肽在口腔疾病中的多方面作用。用作生物标志物并抑制肿瘤细胞。该叙述性综述概述了抗菌肽在口腔疾病中的多方面作用。