Porous carbons are widely used in the energy storage and conversion field because of their excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area and superb electrochemical stability. The template method is one of the most advanced approaches to prepare porous carbons with well-defined pore structures and suitable pore size distributions. The pore formation mechanism and structure-property relationships of porous carbons obtained by template methods for supercapacitor electrodes are summarized. They include hard templates (magnesium-based, silica-based, zinc-based, calcium-based templates), soft templates (conventional soft template, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvent) and self-templates (biomass, MOFs). Furthermore, the problems in tailoring the pore texture of porous carbons are clarified, and proposals are made for future research.

多孔碳由于其优异的导电性，高比表面积和极好的电化学稳定性而被广泛用于能量存储和转换领域。模板法是制备具有明确的孔结构和合适的孔径分布的多孔碳的最先进方法之一。总结了通过超级电容器电极模板法获得的多孔碳的孔形成机理和结构-性质关系。它们包括硬模板（基于镁，硅，锌，钙的模板），软模板（常规的软模板，离子液体，深共熔溶剂）和自模板（生物质，MOF）。此外，阐明了在调整多孔碳的孔结构方面存在的问题，并提出了用于未来研究的建议。