Capacitive deionization (CDI), in which electrode materials play an important role, is considered a novel desalination technology because of its advantages of low energy consumption, low cost and low pollution. Porous electrode materials with a high accessible surface area, hydrophilic surfaces and excellent electrochemical performance have proved to be ideal. Carbons derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are most suitable for this purpose because of their controllable morphology and microstructure, suitable pore size distribution, and excellent electrical conductivity. The preparation and of MOF-derived carbon materials and their performance for the use as CDI electrode materials are reviewed. These include MOF-derived carbons, modified MOF-derived carbons, doped MOF-derived carbons and MOF-derived carbon composites with graphene, carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes. The advantages and challenges of these carbon electrode materials for CDI are summarized and future development is proposed.

电极材料起着重要作用的电容式去离子（CDI）技术具有低能耗，低成本和低污染的优点，被认为是一种新型的脱盐技术。具有高可及表面积，亲水性表面和出色的电化学性能的多孔电极材料已被证明是理想的。源自金属有机骨架（MOF）的碳最适合用于此目的，因为它们的形态和微观结构可控，合适的孔径分布和出色的导电性。综述了MOF衍生碳材料的制备，制备及其用作CDI电极材料的性能。其中包括MOF衍生的碳，改性MOF衍生的碳，掺杂的MOF衍生的碳以及MOF衍生的碳与石墨烯的复合材料，碳纳米纤维和碳纳米管。总结了这些碳电极材料用于CDI的优势和挑战，并提出了未来的发展方向。