As a natural abundant high-carbon resource, the use of coal to develop carbon nanomaterials is an important research topic. In recent years, a variety of carbon materials with different morphologies and nanotextures have been designed and constructed using coal and their derivatives as precursors, and their use in energy storage, catalysis, adsorption and absorption have been explored. State-of-the-art research on carbon nanomaterials derived from coals of different rank and their derivatives are summarized with specific attention to the synthesis strategies and structure control. The use of these coal-derived carbons for energy storage, such as secondary batteries and supercapacitors, is also discussed in terms of their structural features. The review aims to provide valuable insight into the present challenges and inspire new ideas for the development of advanced coal-derived carbon materials.

作为一种天然的丰富高碳资源，利用煤炭开发碳纳米材料是一个重要的研究课题。近年来，已经以煤及其衍生物为前体设计和构造了各种形态和纳米结构不同的碳材料，并探索了它们在能量存储，催化，吸附和吸收中的用途。总结了不同等级煤及其衍生物衍生的碳纳米材料的最新研究，并特别关注合成策略和结构控制。还从结构特征的角度讨论了将这些煤衍生的碳用于能量存储的用途，例如二次电池和超级电容器。