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Rice cultivation in former rubber land without soil remediation contribute toxicity risk of heritable heavy metals contamination
Paddy and Water Environment ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s10333-021-00848-5
Diana Demiyah Mohd Hamdan , Mohd Khalizan Sabullah , Jovelyn Seludin , Amirah Syuhada Mohd Azman , Mohd Hamdan Adnan

The rubber-based intercropping management system (RBIS) land management using chemical fertilizer and herbicides cause heavy metal accumulation in soil. Rice is a good heavy metal bioindicator to monitor soil quality and often integrated with RBIS while rubber trees are young as subsistence farming. Heavy metal accumulation in soil and hill paddy grown on former rubber land and specialized paddy field (control) had been assessed to determine whether harvested rice grain poses toxicity risk. Grain harvested from specialized paddy land was safer to consume as none of the selected heavy metal concentrations in rice grain had exceeded the permissible limit of Malaysia Food Regulation 1985 (MFR 1985). Meanwhile, hill paddy grown intercropping with young rubber trees on former rubber land had accumulated a high amount of heavy metals in rice grain whereby nonessential heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium and lead had exceeded the permissible limit of MFR 1985. Commonly, indigenous hill paddy belongs to tall paddy variety group can grow more than 120 cm tall. All harvested hill paddy landraces grown on specialized paddy field surpassed 120 cm. Nevertheless, all hill paddy landraces that were cultivated in former rubber land were below 100 cm tall indicated that heavy metal phytotoxicity occurred in plants. Rice grain produced in former rubber land poses toxicity risk to consumers due to unsustainable conventional agricultural management practice. Soil degradation needs to be prevented as it can impact food safety and food security. Further soil remediation requirement must be determined to ensure high productivity and safety.



中文翻译:

在没有土壤修复的前橡胶土地上种植水稻会带来可遗传的重金属污染的毒性风险

使用化肥和除草剂的橡胶间作土地管理系统(RBIS)土地管理会导致土壤中重金属的积累。水稻是监测土壤质量的良好重金属生物指示剂,在橡胶树还很年轻的时候就经常与RBIS结合使用。已对在原橡胶土地和专门稻田(对照)上生长的土壤和丘陵稻田中的重金属积累进行了评估,以确定收获的稻米是否构成毒性风险。从专业稻田收获的谷物更安全食用,因为水稻中选定的重金属含量均未超过《马来西亚食品法规1985》(MFR 1985)的允许限值。同时,在以前的橡胶地上种有年轻橡胶树的稻田套种在水稻籽粒中积累了大量的重金属,因此不必要的重金属(如砷,镉和铅)超过了1985年MFR的允许极限。通常,土著稻田属于高稻田。水稻品种组可以长到120厘米以上。在专门的稻田上种植的所有收割的稻田长种都超过了120厘米。但是,在以前的橡胶土地上耕种的所有山地稻田种都在100厘米以下,表明植物中发生了重金属的植物毒性。由于不可持续的常规农业管理实践,在前橡胶土地上生产的稻米对消费者构成毒性风险。需要防止土壤退化,因为它会影响食品安全和粮食安全。

更新日期:2021-03-15
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