The article presents the results of qualitative and quantitative microstructural analysis, and the basic properties of clay soils subjected to long-term contamination by liquid petroleum fuels (LPF). Comparative study of undisturbed, contaminated in situ clay soil (CS) and reference uncontaminated soil (US) was performed. Soil contamination by these compounds causes transformation of microstructure and changes of geotechnical parameters. Microstructure is a key factor in the interpretation of soil properties. Microstructural analyses were performed with application of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and STIMAN software. It was estimated that contaminated soil is characterised by lower moisture content, plasticity, pH and zeta potential, and by higher bulk density and consistency index. Due to hydrocarbon contamination, soil microstructure changed from highly anisotropic mixed laminar-turbulent into uniform matrix type. Comparative quantitative analysis of the microstructure indicated redistribution of the pore space expressed by changes in porosity, pore number and shape, decrease of microporosity, and increase of elongated mesopores number.

本文介绍了定性和定量微观结构分析的结果，以及长期受到液态石油燃料（LPF）污染的粘土的基本特性。进行了未受干扰的原位污染土壤（CS）和参考未污染的土壤（US）的比较研究。这些化合物对土壤的污染会导致微观结构的转变和岩土参数的变化。微观结构是解释土壤性质的关键因素。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和STIMAN软件进行微结构分析。据估计，受污染的土壤的特征在于较低的水分含量，可塑性，pH和zeta电位，以及较高的堆积密度和稠度指数。由于碳氢化合物的污染，土壤微观结构从高度各向异性的混合层状湍流转变为均匀的基质类型。微观结构的比较定量分析表明，孔隙率的重新分布由孔隙率，孔数和形状的变化，微孔率的降低以及伸长的中孔数的增加表示。