Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Vietnamese laws and practices concerning the confiscation of proceeds of crime, especially in view of Vietnam’s obligations to meet the international standards on money laundering and terrorist financing, set by the Financial Action Task Force and relevant international conventions that Vietnam ratified. To limit the scope of this paper, the analysis focuses on the confiscation of proceeds of domestic crimes that do not require international legal assistance. This paper concludes with recommendations for improving the legal framework on criminal asset recovery in Vietnam.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a doctrinal study that considers the applicable legal framework. This study is supported by brief case studies of major cases involving the confiscation of proceeds of crime.

Findings

Vietnam has a functioning asset confiscation regime but gaps in the law, lack of financial investigation expertise and lack of focused investigative attention on asset preservation and confiscation are hampering its effectiveness. The key gaps can easily be closed with appropriate amendments to the law. These reforms should be combined with a dedicated skills development program to produce sufficient number of financial investigation experts and criminal asset management experts to support the regime. The training should extend to judicial officers to ensure an appropriate understanding of the asset confiscation law. Reforms such as these should follow on a comprehensive review of Vietnam’s law and practices relating to the confiscation and forfeiture of criminal assets. This review should extend to assets linked to the financing of terrorism and proliferation to ensure that Vietnam has a comprehensive regime to deal with criminal assets.

Research limitations/implications

This paper draws on publicly available information regarding the confiscation of proceeds of crime in Vietnam. Little data is available on asset confiscation and that prevents an in-depth assessment of the regime.

Originality/value

This paper highlights gaps in the current asset confiscation regime and proposes reforms and approaches that will ensure a more effective asset confiscation regime for Vietnam.

中文翻译：

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在越南没收犯罪所得：完善法律框架

目的

本文的目的是分析越南关于没收犯罪所得的法律和做法，特别是考虑到越南有义务遵守金融行动特别工作组和相关国际公约制定的关于洗钱和恐怖主义融资的国际标准。越南批准的。为限制本文的范围，分析侧重于没收不需要国际法律援助的国内犯罪所得。本文最后提出了改进越南犯罪资产追回法律框架的建议。

设计/方法/方法

这是一项考虑适用法律框架的学说研究。这项研究得到了涉及没收犯罪所得的重大案件的简短案例研究的支持。

发现

越南拥有运作良好的资产没收制度，但法律漏洞、缺乏金融调查专业知识以及缺乏对资产保全和没收的集中调查关注阻碍了其有效性。通过对法律进行适当的修改，可以很容易地弥补关键差距。这些改革应与专门的技能发展计划相结合，以培养足够数量的金融调查专家和犯罪资产管理专家来支持该制度。培训应扩展到司法官员，以确保对资产没收法有适当的理解。此类改革应在全面审查越南有关没收和没收犯罪资产的法律和做法之后进行。

研究限制/影响

本文借鉴了有关在越南没收犯罪所得的公开信息。关于资产没收的可用数据很少，这阻碍了对该制度的深入评估。

原创性/价值

本文强调了当前资产没收制度的差距，并提出了改革和方法，以确保越南的资产没收制度更有效。