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Book review: The Life and Career of Archbishop Richard Whately: Ireland, Religion and Reform, The Life and Times of Daniel Murray, Archbishop of Dublin 1823–1852
Irish Economic and Social History Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1177/0332489320969995a
Ciarán McCabe 1
Affiliation  

bishops of Dublin and Armagh respectively was extremely limited indeed. It was not the case in the Pale, as Booker mistakenly states, that most beneficed clergy employed curates (p. 118); rather that the holders of the revenues of impropriated benefices, mostly religious houses, commonly employed stipendiary priests rather than vicars to serve the cure of souls – and this reviewer showed several years ago that the overwhelming majority of the stipendiary parish priests of County Louth in the early sixteenth century were Irish, a number of them from clerical families from Ulster. There was, of course, a very small number of Irish clergy who secured middleranking positions in the administration of the Church in the Pale (such as Cormac Roth of Armagh who, again, was long known to have been Irish), but like their secular counterparts they were exceptional. Hence, the status of Irish priests within the Church in the Pale generally mirrored that accorded to the Irish population in the wider community, and if Church played a positive role in interethnic relations within the Pale, the work of Murray, in particular, suggests that it was nothing as positive as that ascribed to it by Booker. This book concludes with the observation that ‘the region [of the Pale] and its English inhabitants were profoundly influenced by Irish culture and Irish people, who in turn were shaped by their time in the colony’ (p. 249). The Irish were disproportionately represented in the poorer segments of society, but an exceptional minority managed to become wealthy despite a raft of anti-Irish legislation intended to copper-fasten the privileges of the colonial community at the expense of the indigenous population. The irony is that when English identity was redefined on the basis of Protestantism during the Tudor reformations, the old colonial community in Ireland found itself victimised alongside the indigenous community by new anti-Irish legislation framed to copperfasten Protestant privilege at the expense of Catholics.

中文翻译:

书评:理查德·沃特利大主教的生平与事业:爱尔兰、宗教与改革、都柏林大主教丹尼尔·默里的生平与时代,1823–1852 年

都柏林和阿马的主教分别是极其有限的。在 Pale 的情况并非如此,正如布克错误地指出的那样,大多数受益的神职人员都雇用了牧师(第 118 页);相反,被挪用的受益人(主要是宗教机构)收入的持有者通常雇用受薪牧师而不是牧师来治疗灵魂——这位评论家几年前表明,劳斯郡的绝大多数受薪教区牧师在十六世纪初是爱尔兰人,其中一些来自阿尔斯特的牧师家庭。当然,有极少数爱尔兰神职人员在苍白教会的行政部门中获得了中层职位(例如阿马的科马克·罗斯(Cormac Roth),他也是众所周知的爱尔兰人),但就像他们的世俗同行一样,他们很特别。因此,爱尔兰牧师在 Pale 教会中的地位通常反映了更广泛社区中爱尔兰人口的地位,如果教会在 Pale 内的种族间关系中发挥了积极作用,穆雷的工作尤其表明没有布克认为的那样积极。本书的结论是“[苍白]地区及其英国居民深受爱尔兰文化和爱尔兰人的影响,而爱尔兰人又受到他们在殖民地时期的影响”(第 249 页)。爱尔兰人在社会较贫穷的阶层中所占比例过高,但是,尽管有大量反爱尔兰立法旨在以牺牲土著居民的利益为代价来巩固殖民社区的特权,但仍有少数人设法变得富有。具有讽刺意味的是,在都铎王朝改革期间,当在新教的基础上重新定义英国身份时,爱尔兰的旧殖民社区发现自己与土著社区一起成为新的反爱尔兰立法的受害者,该立法旨在以牺牲天主教徒的利益为代价来巩固新教徒的特权。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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