Abstract

Arabic has been spoken as a mother tongue in Iran since pre-Islamic times, but a number of the Arabic dialect groups scattered across the country have not been documented. In this study, we provide a first account of Arabic on Iran's southern coast, with a description of the dialect of Bandar Moqām in western Hormozgan Province. Using the Atlas of the Languages of Iran (ALI) linguistic data questionnaire as well as supplementary elicitation and oral texts, we have documented salient elements of its lexicon, phonology and morphosyntax. Our analysis confirms that Bandar Moqām Arabic fits into the wider Gulf Arabic dialect area, yet is internally heterogenous. On the one hand, it shares many features with the regionally dominant ‘Bedouin’ type Gulf Arabic koine, but it also aligns with distinctive structures—both retentions and innovations—in the more ancient ‘Sedentary’ Gulf dialects that originated in southern Arabia. Further, it exhibits a series of structures in common with Mesopotamian Arabic and its descendants that reached as far as Central Asia during the Arab con-quest of greater Persia and are still spoken there today.

中文翻译：

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伊朗南海岸阿拉伯语的第一个描述：霍尔莫兹甘的班达莫卡姆阿拉伯方言

摘要

自伊斯兰时代之前，阿拉伯语在伊朗一直被当作母语使用，但是散布在该国的许多阿拉伯方言群体尚未得到记录。在这项研究中，我们对伊朗南部沿海地区的阿拉伯语进行了首次介绍，并描述了霍尔木兹甘省西部的班达莫卡姆方言。使用伊朗语言图集（ALI）语言数据调查表以及补充说明和口头教科书，我们已经记录了其词典，语音学和词法的重要元素。我们的分析证实，班卡莫卡姆阿拉伯语适用于更广泛的海湾阿拉伯语方言地区，但在内部却是异质的。一方面，它与占主导地位的“贝都因人”型海湾阿拉伯科恩语有许多共同之处，但在起源于阿拉伯南部的更古老的“久坐”海湾方言中，也与独特的结构（保留和创新）保持一致。此外，它展现出一系列与美索不达米亚阿拉伯语及其后代相同的结构，这些结构在阿拉伯人征服大波斯期间一直到达中亚，并且至今仍在使用。