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Protective or connective professionalism? How connected professionals can (still) act as autonomous and authoritative experts
Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joaa011
Mirko Noordegraaf 1
Affiliation  

Abstract
Traditionally, professionals such as medical doctors, lawyers, and academics are protected. They work within well-defined jurisdictions, belong to specialized segments, have been granted autonomy, and have discretionary spaces. In this way, they can be socialized, trained, and supervised, case-related considerations and decisions can be substantive (instead of commercial), and decisions can be taken independently. Ideally, these decisions are authoritative and accepted, both by clients as well as society (stakeholders) who trust professional services. This ideal-typical but also ‘ideal’ imagery always had its flaws; nowadays, shortcomings are increasingly clear. ‘Protective professionalism’ is becoming outdated. Due to heterogeneity and fragmentation within professional fields, the interweaving of professional fields, and dependencies of professional actions on outside worlds, professionals can no longer isolate themselves from others and outsiders. At first sight, this leads to a ‘decline’, ‘withering away’, or ‘hollowing out’ of professionalism. Or it leads to attempts to ‘reinstall’, ‘reinvent’, or ‘return to’ professional values and spaces. In this article, we avoid such ‘all or nothing’ perspectives on changing professionalism and explore the ‘reconfiguration’ of professionalism. Professional identities and actions can be adapted and might become ‘hybrid’, ‘organized’, and ‘connected’. Professional and organizational logics might be interrelated; professionals might see organizational (or organizing) duties as belonging to their work; and professional fields might open up to outside worlds. We particularly explore connective professionalism, arguing that we need more fundamental reflections and redefinitions of what professionalism means and what professionals are. We focus on the question of how professional action can be related to others and outsiders and remain ‘knowledgeable’, ‘autonomous’, and ‘authoritative’ at the same time. This can no longer be a matter of expertise, autonomy, and authority as fixed and closed entities. These crucial dimensions of professional action become relational and processual. They have to be enacted on a continuous basis, backed by mechanisms that make professionalism knowledgeable, independent, and authoritative in the eyes of others.


中文翻译:

保护性或联结性专业精神?相互联系的专业人员如何(仍然)充当自主和权威的专家

摘要
传统上,诸如医生,律师和学者之类的专业人员受到保护。他们在定义明确的司法管辖区内工作,属于专门领域,被授予自治权,并拥有自由裁量权。这样,可以对他们进行社会化,培训和监督,与案例相关的考虑和决定可以是实质性的(而不是商业性的),并且可以独立做出决定。理想情况下,这些决定是权威的,并被客户以及信任专业服务的社会(利益相关者)接受。这种理想的典型图像,但同时也是“理想的”图像,总是存在缺陷。如今,缺点越来越明显。“保护性专业精神”已经过时。由于专业领域内的异质性和碎片化,专业领域的交织,以及专业行为对外界的依赖,专业人士再也无法将自己与他人和外界隔离。乍一看,这会导致专业水平的“下降”,“枯竭”或“空洞化”。否则会导致尝试“重新安装”,“重新发明”或“恢复”专业价值和空间。在本文中,我们避免了这样的“全有或全无”的观点来改变职业素养,并探讨了职业素养的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混合”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 专业人士再也无法将自己与他人和外界隔离。乍一看,这会导致专业水平的“下降”,“枯竭”或“空洞化”。否则会导致尝试“重新安装”,“重新发明”或“恢复”专业价值和空间。在本文中,我们避免了这样的“全有或全无”的观点来改变职业素养,并探讨了职业素养的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混杂”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 专业人士再也无法将自己与他人和外界隔离。乍一看,这会导致专业水平的“下降”,“枯竭”或“空洞化”。否则会导致尝试“重新安装”,“重新发明”或“恢复”专业价值和空间。在本文中,我们避免了这样的“全有或全无”的观点来改变职业素养,并探讨了职业素养的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混合”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 这导致专业水平的“下降”,“消亡”或“空洞化”。否则会导致尝试“重新安装”,“重新发明”或“恢复”专业价值和空间。在本文中,我们避免了这样的“全有或全无”的观点来改变职业素养,并探讨了职业素养的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混杂”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 这导致专业水平的“下降”,“消亡”或“空洞化”。否则会导致尝试“重新安装”,“重新发明”或“恢复”专业价值和空间。在本文中,我们避免了这种关于改变专业精神的“全有或全无”的观点,并探讨了专业精神的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混杂”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 我们避免使用这种“全有或全无”的观点来改变专业,而探索专业的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混杂”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 我们避免使用这种“全有或全无”的观点来改变专业,而探索专业的“重新配置”。专业的身份和行为可以进行调整,并且可能变得“混合”,“有组织”和“联系”。专业和组织逻辑可能是相互关联的;专业人士可能会认为组织(或组织)职责属于他们的工作;专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索 专业领域可能会向外界开放。我们特别探索联结性专业精神,主张我们需要对专业精神的含义和专业人士的意义进行更根本的反思和重新定义。我们关注以下问题:专业行为如何与他人和外部人联系起来,并同时保持“知识”,“自治”和“权威”。作为固定和封闭实体,这不再是专业知识,自治权和权威性问题。专业行动的这些关键方面成为关系和过程的。它们必须以不间断的方式制定,并辅之以使专业知识在他人眼中知识丰富,独立和权威的机制。
更新日期:2020-06-24
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