Our recent data, collected using remotely sensed imagery and unmanned aerial vehicle surveys, reveal the extremely well-defined patterning of archaeological plaza villages in the Brazilian Acre state in terms of size, layout, chronology, and material culture. The villages comprise various earthen mounds arranged around central plazas and roads that radiate outward from, or converge on, the sites. The roads connected the villages situated 2–10 km from each other in eastern Acre. Our study attests to the existence of large, sedentary, interfluvial populations sharing the same sociocultural identities, as well as structured patterns of movement and spatial planning in relation to operative road networks during the late precolonial period. The plaza villages of Acre show similarity with the well-documented communities organized by road networks in the regions of the Upper Xingu and Llanos de Mojos. Taking into consideration ethnohistorical and ethnographic evidence, as well as the presence of comparable archaeological sites and earthwork features along the southern margin of Amazonia, we suggest that the plaza villages of Acre were linked by an interregional road network to other neighboring territories situated along the southern Amazonian rim and that movement along roads was the primary mode of human transport in Amazonian interfluves.

中文翻译：

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古代西南亚马逊地区的图案化乡村景观和道路网络

我们最近使用遥感图像和无人机调查收集的数据揭示了巴西阿卡州考古广场村庄在大小、布局、年表和物质文化方面极其明确的模式。这些村庄包括围绕中心广场和道路布置的各种土丘，这些土丘从场地向外辐射或汇聚在场地上。这些道路将位于东阿克雷的村庄连接起来，彼此相距 2 至 10 公里。我们的研究证明，在前殖民时期晚期，存在具有相同社会文化身份的大量久坐流域人口，以及与有效道路网络相关的结构化运动和空间规划模式。Acre 的广场村庄与在 Upper Xingu 和 Llanos de Mojos 地区由道路网络组织的有据可查的社区表现出相似之处。考虑到民族历史和民族志证据，以及沿亚马逊南缘存在类似的考古遗址和土方特征，我们建议 Acre 的广场村庄通过区域间公路网络连接到位于南部的其他邻近地区亚马孙河流域和沿路的移动是亚马孙河流域人类交通的主要方式。