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Racism and Antiracism in the Liberal International Order
International Organization ( IF 5.754 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-29 , DOI: 10.1017/s0020818320000521
Zoltán I. Búzás

Formal racial equality is a key aspect of the current Liberal International Order (LIO). It is subject to two main challenges: resurgent racial nationalism and substantive racial inequality. Combining work in International Relations with interdisciplinary studies on race, I submit that these challenges are the latest iteration of struggles between two transnational coalitions over the LIO's central racial provisions, which I call racial diversity regimes (RDRs). The traditional coalition has historically favored RDRs based on racial inequality and racial nationalism. The transformative coalition has favored RDRs based on racial equality and nonracial nationalism. I illustrate the argument by tracing the development of the liberal order's RDR as a function of intercoalitional struggles from one based on racial nationalism and inequality in 1919 to the current regime based on nonracial nationalism and limited equality. Today, racial nationalists belong to the traditional coalition and critics of racial inequality are part of the transformative coalition. The stakes of their struggles are high because they will determine whether we will live in a more racist or a more antiracist world. This article articulates a comprehensive framework that places race at the heart of the liberal order, offers the novel concept of “embedded racism” to capture how sovereignty shields domestic racism from foreign interference, and proposes an agenda for mainstream International Relations that takes race seriously.

中文翻译:

自由国际秩序中的种族主义和反种族主义

正式的种族平等是当前自由国际秩序 (LIO) 的一个关键方面。它面临两个主要挑战:死灰复燃的种族民族主义和实质性的种族不平等。将国际关系工作与种族跨学科研究相结合,我认为这些挑战是两个跨国联盟之间就 LIO 的核心种族条款(我称之为种族多样性制度 (RDRs))进行斗争的最新版本。传统联盟历来支持基于种族不平等和种族民族主义的 RDR。变革联盟支持基于种族平等和非种族民族主义的 RDR。我通过追溯自由秩序的发展来说明这个论点” s RDR 作为联盟间斗争的函数,从 1919 年基于种族民族主义和不平等的斗争到基于非种族民族主义和有限平等的当前政权。今天,种族民族主义者属于传统联盟,种族不平等的批评者是变革联盟的一部分。他们斗争的风险很高,因为他们将决定我们是生活在一个更加种族主义还是更加反种族主义的世界。本文阐述了一个将种族置于自由秩序核心的综合框架,提供了“嵌入式种族主义”的新颖概念来捕捉主权如何保护国内种族主义免受外国干涉,并提出了一个认真对待种族的主流国际关系议程。种族民族主义者属于传统联盟,种族不平等的批评者属于变革联盟。他们斗争的风险很高,因为他们将决定我们是生活在一个更加种族主义还是更加反种族主义的世界。本文阐述了一个将种族置于自由秩序核心的综合框架,提供了“嵌入式种族主义”的新颖概念来捕捉主权如何保护国内种族主义免受外国干涉,并提出了一个认真对待种族的主流国际关系议程。种族民族主义者属于传统联盟,种族不平等的批评者属于变革联盟。他们斗争的风险很高,因为他们将决定我们是生活在一个更加种族主义还是更加反种族主义的世界。本文阐述了一个将种族置于自由秩序核心的综合框架,提供了“嵌入式种族主义”的新颖概念来捕捉主权如何保护国内种族主义免受外国干涉,并提出了一个认真对待种族的主流国际关系议程。
更新日期:2020-12-29
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