Heterarchical or hierarchical? Egalitarian or unequal? Segmented or complex? Tribe, chiefdom, middle range? All these questions have been vividly discussed in an effort to reconstruct Bronze Age society within a wider area of central Europe. The extensive spectrum of published literature offers varied and often contradictory theoretical models, but we still know very little about the organization of particular social units, especially in the context of settlements. The morphological, technological and spatial analysis of movable and immovable sources from the fortified settlement in Spišský Štvrtok contributes in many respects to solution of the discussed problem in the northeastern Carpathian region. In the case of the Spišský Štvrtok locality, we can interpret the degree of social complexity on the basis of qualitative and quantitative parameters of material culture, evidence of production activities and their specialization level in correlation with spatial distribution of intra-site activity areas. Moreover, the detected tendencies are independently confirmed by the morpho-typological differences between gold and bronze artefacts contained in hoards, by architectonic details and by the presence of regular ritual activities. The achieved results thus indicate possible horizontal and vertical ranking, which was adapted to the local community.

中文翻译：

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有些人比其他人更平等：Spišský Štvrtok 的移民内部社会组织（EBA/MBA，斯洛伐克）

分层还是分层？平等还是不平等？分段还是复杂？部落、酋长领地、中产阶级？为了在更广泛的中欧地区重建青铜时代的社会，所有这些问题都得到了生动的讨论。广泛的已发表文献提供了多种多样且常常相互矛盾的理论模型，但我们仍然对特定社会单位的组织知之甚少，尤其是在定居点的背景下。对 Spišský Štvrtok 强化定居点的可移动和不可移动源的形态、技术和空间分析在许多方面有助于解决喀尔巴阡东北部地区所讨论的问题。在 Spišský Štvrtok 地区，我们可以根据物质文化的定性和定量参数、生产活动的证据及其专业化水平与场内活动区域的空间分布相关联来解释社会复杂程度。此外，所检测到的趋势独立地通过宝藏中包含的金和青铜器物之间的形态类型差异、建筑细节和定期仪式活动的存在得到证实。因此，所取得的结果表明可能的横向和纵向排名，这是适应当地社区的。所检测到的趋势独立地通过宝藏中所含的黄金和青铜器物之间的形态类型差异、建筑细节和定期仪式活动的存在得到证实。因此，所取得的结果表明可能的横向和纵向排名，这是适应当地社区的。所检测到的趋势独立地通过宝藏中所含的黄金和青铜器物之间的形态类型差异、建筑细节和定期仪式活动的存在得到证实。因此，所取得的结果表明可能的横向和纵向排名，这是适应当地社区的。