Recent research carried out at the Maya site of Nakum, located in northeastern Guatemala, has brought about the discovery of a large collection of ceramic artefacts. This substantial assemblage, apart from monochrome ceramics, includes fragments of polychrome vessels that are decorated with elaborate iconographic scenes and painted hieroglyphic texts. Most of them date to the Late Classic period (ca. a.d. 600–800), which represents the peak of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. The style of these ceramics, their iconography and accompanying glyphic texts, supplemented in many cases by mineralogical and physicochemical analyses of the ceramic samples, indicate that Nakum was part of a broad and complex network of political and economic interactions between various sites and polities of the southern Maya lowlands in the Classic period. During the first part of the Late Classic period, Nakum seems to maintain close relations with Naranjo, probably serving as its vassal at least from the reign of its renowned king Aj Wosal. After the victory of Tikal over Naranjo in the first part of the eighth century, Nakum shows closer cultural and political connections with Tikal. Nevertheless, towards the end of the Classic era, when we observe the profound collapse of lowland Maya civilization, Nakum elites gain political independence from their former overlords.

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在经典时期的陶瓷记录中观察到的政治联盟和贸易联系：来自危地马拉纳库姆玛雅遗址的观点

最近在危地马拉东北部的纳库姆玛雅遗址进行的研究发现了大量陶瓷文物。除了单色陶瓷外，这个庞大的组合还包括彩色容器的碎片，上面装饰着精美的图像场景和彩绘的象形文字。他们中的大多数可以追溯到古典晚期（约。广告600-800），代表了前哥伦布时期玛雅文明的顶峰。这些陶瓷的风格、它们的图像和伴随的字形文字，在许多情况下还辅以对陶瓷样品的矿物学和物理化学分析，表明 Nakum 是一个广泛而复杂的政治和经济互动网络的一部分，该网络的不同地点和政体之间存在着联系。古典时期的玛雅南部低地。在古典晚期时期的第一部分，纳库姆似乎与纳兰霍保持着密切的关系，至少从其著名的国王 Aj Wosal 统治时期起，它可能就成为了它的附庸。在 8 世纪上半叶蒂卡尔战胜纳兰霍之后，纳库姆与蒂卡尔展现出更密切的文化和政治联系。然而，在古典时代即将结束时，