Abstract

Genetic engineering of glycine betaine (GB) synthesis offers a new approach to improvements in the productivity and stress resistance of cultivated plants. The possible effect of the bacterial heterologous sequence on the reaction of plants under oxidative stress (OS) induced by 3 mM of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was determined. The independent transgenic tobacco lines (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Cod 16 and Cod 45 with the choline oxidase (codA) gene from Arthrobacter gloiformis, which is responsible for GB synthesis, were used. The transgenic lines differed from wild-type plants with lower resistance to H₂O₂, which led to a more significant decrease in the pool of photosynthetic pigments and a greater intensity of lipid peroxidation and dynamics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (PO) activity. In terms of OS manifestation, transgenic lines with initially similar values of GB accumulation (0.825–0.910 mmol/g) had significant differences among themselves. In the Cod 16 line, the reaction to OS induction was earlier (1 h after H₂O₂ treatment), and there was a more significant increase in PO activity and proline content than in the Cod 45 line and the original variety. In the Cod 45 line, there is a significant increase in SOD activity and proline content in response to OS induction 24 h after treatment, and, in contrast to the wild-type plants and the Cod 16 line, it is accompanied by a significantly higher content of carotenoids in the leaves. When genetic-engineering methods are used to increase the productivity and resistance of plants to stress, it is necessary to take into account the functional interaction of antioxidants and osmoprotectors.

中文翻译：

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胆碱氧化酶基因（鳕鱼A）转化烟草对过氧化氢作用的反应

摘要

甘氨酸甜菜碱（GB）合成的基因工程为提高栽培植物的生产力和抗逆性提供了一种新方法。确定了细菌异源序列对植物在3 mM过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂）诱导的氧化胁迫（OS）下反应的可能影响。使用独立的转基因烟草品系（Nicotiana tabacum L.）的Cod 16和Cod 45以及来自GB的负责人Arthrobacter gloiformis的胆碱氧化酶（cod A）基因。转基因品系与野生型植物不同，其对H ₂ O _2的抗性较低，这导致光合色素沉积物的减少更为显着，脂质过氧化作用的强度更大，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（PO）活性的动态变化。就OS表现而言，最初具有相似GB积累值（0.825–0.910 mmol / g）的转基因品系之间存在显着差异。在Cod 16系中，对OS诱导的反应更早（在H ₂ O ₂之后1 h处理），PO活性和脯氨酸含量的增加比Cod 45系和原始品种的增加更为显着。在Cod 45品系中，处理后24小时响应OS诱导，SOD活性和脯氨酸含量显着增加，并且与野生型植物和Cod 16品系相反，它伴随着显着更高的活性。叶片中类胡萝卜素的含量。当使用基因工程方法来提高植物的生产力和抗逆性时，有必要考虑抗氧化剂和渗透保护剂的功能相互作用。