Compost has been widely used in agriculture in recent years, but the nutrients it provides are far from enough for plant growth. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically explore the fermentation process of composting. In this study, the succession of microbial community and metabolite characteristics in compost were analyzed by using microbial sequencing and metabolomics techniques. The results showed that compared with mesophilic phase and cooling phase, the richness and diversity of bacterial community decreased in thermophilic phase. At the genus level, Pseudomonas (8.90%), Lactobacillus (3.99%), Bacteroidetes (3.39%), Flavobacterium (3.25%) and Prevotella (Prevotella_9, 2.33%, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, 2.44%) were the dominant genera in the pig manure composting. The abundance of Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium increased significantly while Lactobacillus and Prevotella were significantly decreased after composting, and the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased first and then decreased. Fatty acyls, sterol lipids, glycerophospholipids, polyketides and prenol lipids were common microbial metabolites in compost. Moreover, the linoleic acid metabolic pathway was significantly enriched in the three stages of composting, and linoleic acid metabolism might be the primary function of the microbial community in composting. The network analysis showed that between the microbial communities or between the microbial community and metabolites were closely related to each other.

堆肥近年来已广泛用于农业，但其提供的营养远远不足以促进植物生长。因此，有必要系统地研究堆肥的发酵过程。在这项研究中，通过使用微生物测序和代谢组学技术分析了堆肥中微生物群落的连续性和代谢产物的特征。结果表明：与嗜温阶段和冷却阶段相比，嗜热阶段细菌群落的丰富度和多样性降低。在属水平上，假单胞菌（8.90％），乳杆菌（3.99％），拟杆菌（3.39％），黄杆菌（3.25％）和普氏杆菌（Prevotella_9，2.33％，Prevotellaceae_ NK3B31 _组，2.44％）均在猪粪堆肥优势属。堆肥后，假单胞菌和黄杆菌的丰度显着增加，而乳酸杆菌和普氏杆菌的丰度显着降低，而拟杆菌的丰度则大大降低。先增加然后减少。脂肪酰基，固醇脂质，甘油磷脂，聚酮化合物和prenol脂质是堆肥中常见的微生物代谢产物。此外，在堆肥的三个阶段，亚油酸代谢途径显着丰富，亚油酸代谢可能是堆肥中微生物群落的主要功能。网络分析表明，微生物群落之间或微生物群落与代谢产物之间是密切相关的。