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Cigarette Smoking Behavior a Gateway to Opium Use Disorder: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Behavior Genetics ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s10519-021-10052-0
Abdolhalim Rajabi 1, 2 , Azadeh Shojaei 3 , Leila Janani 4 , Mojtaba Farjam 5 , Hamid Reza Baradaran 2, 6 , Pedram Khosravi 7 , Seyed Abbas Motevalian 2, 8
Affiliation  

Gateway hypothesis presumes that using a psychotropic drug can increase the probability of using another drug. The study was to assess whether cigarette smoking is a gateway drug for subsequent opium use. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied to test and estimate the size of causal effect of cigarette smoking on opium use. The CHRNA3 rs1051730 polymorphism was used as an instrumental variable. A population-based case control study in the setting of Fasa Cohort Study was carried out using 477 cases and 531 controls based on their opium use status at the baseline of cohort study. The logistic two stage estimator method was applied. The Number of cigarettes smoked per day was associated with opium use (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.15–1.19). In the MR analysis, rs1051730 T alleles were associated with increased risk of opium use among ever smokers (OR 5.73, 95% CI 1.72–19.07) however there found no evidence of association among never smokers. In instrumental variable analysis, showed that on average smoking every 1 more cigarette per day increases the odds of opium use by 1.17 (OR 1.17, 95%CI:1.14–1.19). The MR analysis found a positive finding on the relationship between cigarette smoking and opium use which supports the gateway hypothesis. It adds new information to the gateway theory regarding the relation of cigarette smoking and drug use, and increases our understanding of the importance of tobacco control for prevention of opium addiction.



中文翻译:

吸烟行为是导致鸦片使用障碍的途径:孟德尔随机化分析

网关假设假定使用一种精神药物可以增加使用另一种药物的可能性。该研究旨在评估吸烟是否是随后使用鸦片的入门药物。孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析用于测试和估计吸烟对鸦片使用的因果影响的大小。CHRNA3 rs1051730 多态性用作工具变量。根据队列研究基线时的鸦片使用状况,使用 477 名病例和 531 名对照者在 Fasa 队列研究环境中进行了一项基于人群的病例对照研究。应用逻辑两阶段估计方法。每天吸烟的香烟数量与鸦片使用有关(OR 1.17,95% CI 1.15–1.19)。在 MR 分析中,rs1051730 T 等位基因与吸烟者吸食鸦片的风险增加有关(OR 5.73,95% CI 1.72–19.07),但没有发现从不吸烟者之间存在关联的证据。在工具变量分析中,表明平均每天多吸 1 支烟,吸食鸦片的几率增加 1.17(OR 1.17,95%CI:1.14–1.19)。MR 分析在吸烟和鸦片使用之间的关系上发现了一个积极的发现,这支持了网关假设。它为有关吸烟和吸毒关系的门户理论增加了新的信息,并增加了我们对烟草控制对预防鸦片成瘾的重要性的理解。表明平均每天每多吸 1 支烟,吸食鸦片的几率就会增加 1.17(OR 1.17,95% CI:1.14–1.19)。MR 分析在吸烟和鸦片使用之间的关系上发现了一个积极的发现,这支持了网关假设。它为有关吸烟和吸毒关系的门户理论增加了新的信息,并增加了我们对烟草控制对预防鸦片成瘾的重要性的理解。表明平均每天每多吸 1 支烟,吸食鸦片的几率就会增加 1.17(OR 1.17,95% CI:1.14–1.19)。MR 分析在吸烟和鸦片使用之间的关系上发现了一个积极的发现,这支持了网关假设。它为有关吸烟和吸毒关系的门户理论增加了新的信息,并增加了我们对烟草控制对预防鸦片成瘾的重要性的理解。

更新日期:2021-03-12
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