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Psychomotor skills development for Veress needle placement using a virtual reality and haptics-based simulator
International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s11548-021-02341-0
Chiara Di Vece 1 , Cristian Luciano 2 , Elena De Momi 1
Affiliation  

Purpose

Veress needle (VN) insertion, if not correctly performed, could cause severe injuries to intra-abdominal organs and vessels. Therefore, cognitive and psychomotor skills training is needed. Virtual reality (VR) and haptic technologies have the potential to offer realistic simulations.

Methods

We developed a novel VR and haptic surgical simulator for VN insertion to teach trainees how to correctly puncture the abdominal wall, experiencing realistic tactile sensations throughout the simulation. The simulator allows for both procedural and realistic training. We released two different versions: the first using the OpenHaptics\(^{\text {TM}}\) (OH) Toolkit and the second exploiting CHAI3D. We evaluated the learning effect using different performance indexes (time to perform the procedure, error in insertion angle, number of undesired contacts with organs) in an insertion task for both experienced urologists and students.

Results

A general improvement of the chosen performance indexes was registered in the second repetition of the task for both groups. From the questionnaires, the simulator leveraging OH provides the trainee with a more precise haptic feedback, whereas the one exploiting CHAI3D allows them to perform the procedure more easily thanks to the better visualization of the virtual environment. The results proved that the participants appreciated both implementations, and the System Usability Scale (SUS) test resulted in a “good” usability.

Conclusion

The haptics-based and VR simulator has shown the potential to be an important resource for the basic urological training in obtaining the pneumoperitoneum and improving the acquisition of the necessary psychomotor skills, allowing for extended and more effective training without compromising patient safety.



中文翻译:

使用虚拟现实和基于触觉的模拟器开发气腹针放置的精神运动技能

目的

如果未正确执行气腹针 (VN) 插入,可能会对腹内器官和血管造成严重伤害。因此,需要进行认知和心理运动技能培训。虚拟现实 (VR) 和触觉技术有可能提供逼真的模拟。

方法

我们开发了一种用于 VN 插入的新型 VR 和触觉手术模拟器,以教学员如何正确穿刺腹壁,在整个模拟过程中体验逼真的触觉。模拟器允许程序和现实的培训。我们发布了两个不同的版本:第一个使用 OpenHaptics \(^{\text {TM}}\) (OH) Toolkit,第二个使用 CHAI3D。我们在经验丰富的泌尿科医生和学生的插入任务中使用不同的性能指标(执行程序的时间、插入角度的误差、与器官的不希望接触的次数)来评估学习效果。

结果

在两组任务的第二次重复中记录了所选绩效指标的普遍改善。从问卷调查中,利用 OH 的模拟器为受训者提供了更精确的触觉反馈,而利用 CHAI3D 的模拟器使他们能够更轻松地执行程序,这要归功于虚拟环境的更好可视化。结果证明,参与者对这两种实施方式都很满意,并且系统可用性量表 (SUS) 测试产生了“良好”的可用性。

结论

基于触觉和 VR 的模拟器已显示出成为获得气腹和提高必要的精神运动技能获得的基本泌尿外科培训的重要资源的潜力,允许在不影响患者安全的情况下进行扩展和更有效的培训。

更新日期:2021-03-12
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