Hydrodynamic shape is an important factor of underwater glider (UG), which influences its gliding efficiency and energy consumption. This paper proposes a shape optimization method of Petrel-L based on the approximate model technology, the establishment of which is introduced in detail. The approximate models used in the hull generatrix optimization and the wing dimension optimization take the complex coupling relationship among the shape dimensions into account. Based on the established models, the sensitivity analysis is carried out to analyze the effect of the shape dimensions on the hydrodynamic performance. The hull generatrix optimization and the wing dimension optimization are executed to minimize the drag coefficient and maximize the gliding range per energy consumption respectively. In consideration of the different sensors carried by UGs and the specific pitching angle requirement in the observation missions, the optimal wing dimensions are obtained under different hotel loads and pitching angles. The optimization results indicate that the increase rate of gliding range can reach 7.64% when the hotel load is 0.5 W and the pitching angle is ±12°. The shape optimization method in this paper is appropriate for other UGs.

流体动力学形状是水下滑翔机（UG）的重要因素，它会影响其滑行效率和能耗。本文提出了一种基于近似模型技术的Petrel-L形状优化方法，并详细介绍了其建立方法。船体母线优化和机翼尺寸优化中使用的近似模型考虑了形状尺寸之间的复杂耦合关系。基于建立的模型，进行敏感性分析，以分析形状尺寸对流体动力性能的影响。分别执行船体母线优化和机翼尺寸优化，以最小化阻力系数并最大化单位能耗的滑行范围。考虑到UG携带的传感器不同以及观察任务中的特定俯仰角要求，可以在不同的旅馆负载和俯仰角下获得最佳机翼尺寸。优化结果表明，当酒店负荷为0.5 W，俯仰角为±12°时，滑行距离的增加率可达到7.64％。本文中的形状优化方法适用于其他UG。