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Implicit anticipation of probabilistic regularities: Larger CNV emerges for unpredictable events
Neuropsychologia ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107826
Andrea Kóbor 1 , Zsófia Kardos 2 , Kata Horváth 3 , Karolina Janacsek 4 , Ádám Takács 5 , Valéria Csépe 6 , Dezso Nemeth 7
Affiliation  

Anticipation of upcoming events plays a crucial role in automatic behaviors. It is, however, still unclear whether the event-related brain potential (ERP) markers of anticipation could track the implicit acquisition of probabilistic regularities that can be considered as building blocks of automatic behaviors. Therefore, in a four-choice reaction time (RT) task performed by young adults (N = 36), the contingent negative variation (CNV) as an ERP marker of anticipation was measured from the onset of a cue stimulus until the presentation of a target stimulus. Due to the probability structure of the task, target stimuli were either predictable or unpredictable, but this was unknown to participants. The cue did not contain predictive information on the upcoming target. Results showed that the CNV amplitude during response preparation was larger before the unpredictable than before the predictable target stimuli. In addition, although RTs increased, the P3 amplitude decreased for the unpredictable as compared with the predictable target stimuli, possibly due to the stronger response preparation that preceded stimulus presentation. These results suggest that enhanced attentional resources are allocated to the implicit anticipation and processing of unpredictable events. This might originate from the formation of internal models on the probabilistic regularities of the stimulus stream, which primarily facilitates the processing of predictable events. Overall, we provide ERP evidence that supports the role of implicit anticipation and predictive processes in the acquisition of probabilistic regularities.



中文翻译:

隐含预期的概率规则:较大的CNV出现在不可预测的事件中

对即将发生的事件的预期在自动行为中起着至关重要的作用。但是,尚不清楚事件相关的脑电势(ERP)标记是否可以追踪隐含的概率规律性的获取,这些概率性规律可以视为自动行为的基础。因此,在年轻人执行的四选择反应时间(RT)任务中(N = 36),从提示刺激开始到出现目标刺激为止,测量作为ERP预期指标的或有负变化(CNV)。由于任务的概率结构,目标刺激是可预测的或不可预测的,但这对于参与者来说是未知的。该提示不包含有关即将到来的目标的预测信息。结果表明,在反应准备过程中,CNV振幅在不可预测之前要比可预测目标刺激之前大。另外,尽管RT增加,但是与可预测的目标刺激相比,P3幅度对于不可预测的下降,这可能是由于在刺激呈现之前更强的响应准备。这些结果表明,增强的注意力资源分配给了不可预测事件的隐式预期和处理。这可能源于对刺激流的概率规律的内部模型的形成,这主要促进了可预测事件的处理。总体而言,我们提供的ERP证据支持隐式预期和预测过程在概率规律获取中的作用。

更新日期:2021-03-27
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