People who suffer from ADHD in their childhood are more likely to be involved in criminal acts in late adolescence and adulthood. This study analyses the association between retrospective ADHD symptoms and associated problems (somatic and learning difficulties), and current symptoms in a sample of adults from imprisoned and clinical populations. Four hundred and fifty‐seven participants, aged between 17 and 69 years, were divided into four groups: ADHD prison group without clinical history of symptoms (n = 61), prison group (n = 162), ADHD clinical group (n = 176) and clinical group (n = 58). The ADHD‐IV scale and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) were administered to the four groups and demonstrated high rates of persistence of ADHD symptoms into adulthood. ADHD groups reported significantly higher impairment both during childhood (symptoms, somatic and learning difficulties) and at present, with the ADHD clinical group being the most severely impaired. Finally, current symptoms of ADHD, along with childhood ADHD symptoms and learning difficulties, significantly predicted current impairments, but only in the clinical group. These findings represent some initial steps into the identification of predictors of ADHD symptomatology in adulthood in order to elucidate its etiopathogenesis and better identify high‐risk groups for targeted prevention.

中文翻译：

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预测成人多动症的回顾性症状和学习困难：监狱囚犯与临床人群之间的差异

童年时期患有多动症的人更有可能在青春期后期和成年期参与犯罪行为。本研究分析了回顾性 ADHD 症状和相关问题（躯体和学习困难）与来自被监禁和临床人群的成年人样本中的当前症状之间的关联。457 名年龄在 17 至 69 岁之间的参与者被分为四组：无症状临床病史的 ADHD 监狱组（n  = 61）、监狱组（n  = 162）、ADHD 临床组（n  = 176） ) 和临床组 ( n = 58）。对四组进行 ADHD-IV 量表和 Wender Utah 评定量表 (WURS)，结果表明 ADHD 症状持续到成年的比率很高。ADHD 组在儿童时期（症状、躯体和学习困难）和目前都报告了明显更高的损伤，其中 ADHD 临床组受损最严重。最后，ADHD 的当前症状，连同儿童 ADHD 症状和学习困难，显着预测了当前的障碍，但仅限于临床组。这些发现代表了识别成年 ADHD 症状预测因子的一些初步步骤，以阐明其发病机制并更好地识别高危人群以进行针对性预防。