In this article, a risk-constrained stochastic framework is presented for joint energy and reserve scheduling of a resilient microgrid considering demand side management. The optimization problem is formulated to schedule the system operation in both normal and islanding modes by addressing the prevailing uncertainties of islanding duration as well as prediction errors of loads, renewable power generation, and electricity price. In a normal operation mode, where the grid-connection is available, the energy and reserve of local resources and energy trading with the main grid is scheduled to maximize the operator's profit considering feasible islanding. In a resilient operating mode, which is triggered by a disturbance in the main grid, the local resources should be scheduled to supply loads with the lowest emergency load shedding. To balance the economy and security requirements under uncertainties, the optimal scheduling is done properly through a security-constrained power flow method by considering system's objectives and constraints. Moreover, to properly handle the uncertainties of the problem, conditional value-at-risk metric is incorporated with the optimization model to control the risk of profit variability. The proposed scheme is implemented on a test microgrid and various case studies are presented to verify its effectiveness in normal and resiliency operating conditions.

中文翻译：

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考虑需求响应程序的弹性微电网基于风险的随机调度

在本文中，提出了一种风险受限的随机框架，用于考虑需求侧管理的弹性微电网的联合能源和储备调度。通过解决孤岛持续时间的普遍不确定性以及负载，可再生能源发电和电价的预测误差，制定了优化问题，以安排系统在正常模式和孤岛模式下的运行。在可以并网的正常运行模式下，考虑到可行的孤岛运行，计划安排能源和本地资源的储备以及与主电网的能源交易，以最大程度地提高运营商的利润。在由主电网扰动触发的弹性运行模式中，应安排本地资源以最低紧急负载脱落的方式提供负载。为了平衡不确定性下的经济和安全要求，通过考虑系统的目标和约束，通过安全受限的潮流方法正确地进行最佳调度。此外，为了正确处理问题的不确定性，将条件风险价值度量与优化模型结合在一起，以控​​制利润变动的风险。提议的方案在测试微电网上实施，并进行了各种案例研究，以验证其在正常和弹性操作条件下的有效性。有条件的风险价值度量标准与优化模型结合在一起，可以控制利润变动的风险。提议的方案在测试微电网上实施，并进行了各种案例研究，以验证其在正常和弹性操作条件下的有效性。有条件的风险价值度量标准与优化模型结合在一起，可以控制利润变动的风险。提议的方案在测试微电网上实施，并进行了各种案例研究，以验证其在正常和弹性操作条件下的有效性。