Determining the risk and protective factors of youth prescription drug misuse across racial/ethnic groups is still an important area of inquiry, as most studies have only been conducted with White, African American, and Latinx adolescents. General strain theory, social control theory, and social learning theory guided the selection of the risk and protective factors examined in this study. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk and protective factors associated with general strain theory, social control theory, and social learning theory that are predictive of White, African American, Latinx, Native American, Asian American/Pacific Islander, and multiracial adolescents’ past 30-day and lifetime prescription drug misuse. Using data from the Arizona Youth Survey (N = 34,899; aged 12–19 years), a series of multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the risk and protective factors predictive of 30-day and lifetime prescription drug misuse for the whole sample and the six racial/ethnic groups. The results indicated that the risk and protective factors varied across racial/ethnic groups, with White and Latinx adolescents having the most risk factors associated with general strain theory for both 30-day and lifetime prescription drug misuse. Social control theory and social learning theory were helpful in identifying protective factors across the racial/ethnic groups. Implications of these theories for prevention efforts are discussed. Future research should examine how all the components of social control theory and nonsocial reinforcement, a component of social learning theory, are related to prescription drug misuse across all racial/ethnic groups included in this study.

确定跨种族/族裔群体滥用青年处方药的风险和保护因素仍然是一个重要的研究领域，因为大多数研究仅针对白人，非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年进行。通用应变理论，社会控制理论和社会学习理论指导了本研究中研究的风险和保护因素的选择。这项研究的目的是确定与一般应变理论，社会控制理论和社会学习理论相关的风险和保护因素，这些因素可以预测白人，非裔美国人，拉丁人，美洲原住民，亚裔美国人/太平洋岛民和多种族青少年过去30天和终生滥用处方药。使用来自亚利桑那州青年调查（N = 34,899；年龄在12-19岁之间），进行了一系列多因素logistic回归分析，以确定整个样本和六个种族/族裔人群30天和终生滥用处方药的风险和保护因素。结果表明，种族和种族群体的风险和保护因素各不相同，白人和拉丁裔青少年在30天和终生处方药滥用方面与一般应变理论相关的风险因素最大。社会控制理论和社会学习理论有助于确定整个种族/族裔群体的保护因素。讨论了这些理论对预防工作的意义。未来的研究应该研究社会控制理论和非社会强化（社会学习理论的一个组成部分）的所有组成部分，