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How Contact with French Drove Patient‐Lability in English
Transactions of the Philological Society Pub Date : 2020-08-23 , DOI: 10.1111/1467-968x.12199
Richard Ingham 1
Affiliation  

This paper examines whether the argument structure of English verbs of change of state/location was influenced by contact. Scandinavian as a source of influence is rejected for not having had suitable properties. In Old French, including its insular variety, Anglo‐Norman, verbs of change of state/location were labile in the late 13th and 14th c., the period of contact via intense bilingualism. It is proposed that contact with Old French provided models for the generalisation of lability across these English verb classes. Using standard lexicographical resources, change‐of‐state/location verbs are shown to display a great expansion of lability after Old English, reaching a level of 75 per cent attestation of such verbs as labile by 15th c. Middle English. This outcome is taken to be an effect on English of the later medieval bilingual contact situation in England, where French was increasingly used by bilingual speakers, who replicated in English the argument realisations of French verbs expressing change‐of‐state/location concepts. The effect was particularly strong with French loan verbs, where contact influence involved borrowing not only forms and their semantic denotation, but also the borrowed verb's argument structure; lability also increased very markedly with native verbs.

中文翻译:

与法语的联系如何降低英语的患者责任

本文研究了状态/位置变化的英语动词的论证结构是否受到接触的影响。斯堪的纳维亚作为影响力的来源因没有合适的特性而被拒绝。在古法语中,包括其孤立的变体盎格鲁·诺曼(Anglo-Norman),状态/位置的变化动词在13世纪末和14世纪后期(通过激烈的双语主义进行接触的时期)不稳定。建议与古法语的联系为这些英语动词类之间的不稳定性推广提供了模型。使用标准的词典学资源,状态/位置变化动词显示出在古英语之后的不稳定性大大扩展,到15c时证明这些动词的易动性达到75%的水平。中古英语。这种结果被认为是对英国后来中世纪的双语接触情况对英语的影响,那里讲英语的人越来越多地使用法语,他们用英语复制了表达状态/位置概念变化的法语动词的论点实现。对于法国借词动词,效果尤其明显,接触影响不仅涉及借用形式及其语义表示,还涉及借入动词的论点结构。母语动词也大大增加了不稳定性。接触影响不仅涉及借用形式和语义,还涉及借用动词的论点结构;母语动词也大大增加了不稳定性。接触影响不仅涉及借用形式和语义,还涉及借用动词的论点结构;母语动词也大大增加了不稳定性。
更新日期:2020-08-23
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