The article analyses the strategies of Hungarian higher education interest organisations against the encroachments on academic freedom by Viktor Orbán's governments. We contrast the 2012–2013 and 2017–2019 protest waves and find that innovations in strategy came from new organisations in both periods, whereas established ones were rather passive or opted for the status quo. However, in the second period, new actors consciously declined to pursue wider systemic goals and aimed at building up formal organisations instead of loose, movement-like networks. The focus on keeping a unified front and interest representation on the workplace level did not change the overall outcome. Just like during the first period, the government was able to reach its goals without major concessions. Nevertheless, during the second protest wave the government was unable to divide and pacify its opponents, which stripped it of its legalistic strategy and revealed its authoritarianism.

中文翻译：

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“目标不一定是坐在桌边”——匈牙利学术界抵制专制法制主义

本文分析了匈牙利高等教育利益组织对抗维克托·欧尔班政府侵犯学术自由的策略。我们对比了 2012-2013 年和 2017-2019 年的抗议浪潮，发现战略创新来自两个时期的新组织，而老牌组织则相当被动或选择了现状。然而，在第二个时期，新的参与者有意识地拒绝追求更广泛的系统性目标，而是着眼于建立正式的组织，而不是松散的、类似运动的网络。在工作场所层面保持统一战线和利益代表的重点并没有改变整体结果。就像在第一个时期一样，政府能够在没有重大让步的情况下实现其目标。尽管如此，