In this paper, we discuss the inherent temporal orientation of fear, a matter on which philosophers seem to have contrasting opinions. According to some, fear is inherently present-oriented; others instead maintain that it is inherently future-oriented or that it has no inherent temporal orientation at all. Despite the differences, however, all these views seem to understand fear's temporal orientation as one-dimensional—that is, as uniquely determined by the represented temporal location of the intentional object of fear. By contrast, we present a view that introduces a two-dimensional account of fear's temporal orientation. On such a view, we can say that fear is inherently future-oriented, independently of its being about something in the present or the future.

中文翻译：

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可怕的时代

在本文中，我们讨论了恐惧的内在时间取向，哲学家似乎对此有不同的看法。一些人认为，恐惧本质上是面向当下的；其他人则坚持认为它本质上是面向未来的，或者根本没有内在的时间取向。然而，尽管存在差异，但所有这些观点似乎都将恐惧的时间方向理解为一维的——也就是说，由恐惧的意向对象的时间位置唯一确定。相比之下，我们提出了一个引入两个对恐惧时间方向的维度描述。根据这样的观点，我们可以说恐惧本质上是面向未来的，与现在或未来的某事无关。