This article investigates the effect of the relaxation of the rigidity of employment protection legislation in dual economies on qualification mismatch, measured as the sum of over-education and under-education. Using a unique matched employer–employee flow dataset, the effect of two reforms, which significantly modified the rules for the utilization of temporary contracts in Italy, is studied. By increasing the relative flow of workers on short-term contracts, the short-term contract reform is found to have reduced the relative flow of over-educated workers. However, this result holds only for older male workers, while no effect is found for female and younger workers. The apprenticeship reform instead had no major effects on the relative flow of mismatched workers.

中文翻译：

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就业保障是否影响资格不匹配？

本文研究了二元经济体就业保护立法放松对资格错配的影响，以教育过度和教育不足的总和来衡量。使用唯一匹配的雇主-雇员流动数据集，研究了两项改革的效果，这些改革显着修改了意大利使用临时合同的规则。通过增加短期合同工人的相对流动，发现短期合同改革减少了受过高等教育的工人的相对流动。然而，这一结果仅适用于年长男性工人，而对女性和年轻工人没有影响。相反，学徒制改革对错配工人的相对流动没有重大影响。