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Archaeometric studies on the petroglyphs and rock varnish at Kilwa and Sakaka, northern Saudi Arabia
Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy Pub Date : 2020-10-14 , DOI: 10.1111/aae.12167
Meinrat O. Andreae 1, 2, 3 , Abdullah Al‐Amri 2 , Claire M. Andreae 1 , Maria Guagnin 4 , Klaus Peter Jochum 1 , Brigitte Stoll 1 , Ulrike Weis 1
Affiliation  

We conducted rock varnish measurements at four rock art sites in north‐western Saudi Arabia, including Kilwa and the Camel Site near Sakaka. We determined the areal densities of Mn and Fe in rock varnish that had accumulated on petroglyph surfaces since their creation, complemented by a detailed analysis of varnish samples. We inferred varnish accumulation rates by relating the Mn areal density on inscriptions to their ages estimated based on the type of script used. Applying these rates to the varnish densities on the rock art indicated that the art was produced during two distinct periods, corresponding to the Pre‐Pottery/Late Neolithic and the Bronze/Iron Age, respectively, with different artistic traditions, reflecting distinct socioeconomic and ecological conditions. Our dating approach, while admittedly burdened with substantial uncertainties, yields ages consistent with archaeological and historical evidence and it provides a unique quantitative tool to obtain at least rough ages for otherwise undatable rock art.

中文翻译:

沙特阿拉伯北部基尔瓦和萨卡卡的岩画和清漆的考古学研究

我们在沙特阿拉伯西北部的四个岩石艺术遗址(包括基尔瓦和萨卡卡附近的骆驼遗址)进行了岩石清漆测量。我们确定了自创建以来在岩画表面积累的岩石清漆中Mn和Fe的面密度,并辅以对清漆样品的详细分析。我们通过将铭文上的Mn面密度与其使用年限(根据所使用的文字类型估算)相关联来推断清漆的积累速率。将这些比率应用于岩石艺术品上的清漆密度,表明该艺术品是在两个不同的时期生产的,分别对应于具有不同艺术传统的陶器时代晚期/新石器时代和青铜时代/铁器时代,反映了独特的社会经济和生态环境。情况。我们的约会方式
更新日期:2020-10-14
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