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Is threat in the way they move? Influences of static and gait information on threat judgments of unknown people
Evolutionary Psychological Science Pub Date : 2020-06-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s40806-020-00249-7
Liam Paul Satchell , Harry Sebastian Mayes , Anthony J. Lee , Liam Christopher O’Reilly , Lucy Akehurst , Paul Morris

Recognising intraspecies threat is essential for survival. However, this needs to be balanced against the undue avoidance of unknown others who may be useful to us. Research has shown that judgments of ‘aggression’ and ‘threat’ posed by an unknown person can accurately reflect that person’s general aggressive tendencies. To date, there has not been a within-sample comparison of the informativeness of static and walking stimuli for threat judgments. In this study, 193 participants rated the threat posed by 23 target people presented as both simplified gait presentations (point-light walkers) and still images. We analysed how threat judgments made by participants were predicted by the target’s self-reported aggression (accuracy), the sex of the targets and the medium of target presentation (point-light vs. still image). Our results showed that participants’ threat judgments accurately predicted targets’ aggression. Male targets received higher threat ratings than female targets and point-light displays were rated as more threatening than still images. There were no effects of target sex and presentation medium on accuracy of threat perception and no sex by medium interactions on judgments themselves. Overall, this study provides further evidence of the accuracy of threat judgments at detecting trait aggression. However, further research is needed to explain what features of the target people are enabling the accurate judgments of aggression.

中文翻译:

他们的行动方式受到威胁了吗?静态和步态信息对未知人员威胁判断的影响

认识种内威胁对于生存至关重要。但是,这需要与避免回避可能对我们有用的未知他人保持平衡。研究表明,对一个陌生人的“侵略”和“威胁”的判断可以准确反映该人的一般攻击倾向。迄今为止,还没有样本内比较静态和步行刺激对威胁判断的信息性。在这项研究中,有193名参与者将23个目标人群所构成的威胁评估为简化步态演示(点光步行者)和静态图像。我们分析了如何通过目标的自我报告的攻击性(准确性),目标的性别和目标呈现的媒介(点光源与静态图像)来预测参与者做出的威胁判断。我们的结果表明,参与者的威胁判断能够准确预测目标的攻击。男性目标的威胁等级高于女性目标,并且点光源显示比静态图像更具威胁性。目标性别和表现媒介对威胁感知的准确性没有影响,媒介互动对判断本身没有性别影响。总的来说,这项研究提供了进一步的证据证明威胁判断在检测特征攻击方面的准确性。但是,还需要进一步的研究来解释目标人群的哪些特征能够对侵略行为做出准确的判断。目标性别和表现媒介对威胁感知的准确性没有影响,媒介互动对判断本身没有性别影响。总的来说,这项研究提供了进一步的证据证明威胁判断在检测特征攻击方面的准确性。但是,还需要进一步的研究来解释目标人群的哪些特征能够对侵略行为做出准确的判断。目标性别和表现媒介对威胁感知的准确性没有影响,媒介互动对判断本身没有性别影响。总的来说,这项研究提供了进一步的证据证明威胁判断在检测特征攻击方面的准确性。但是,还需要进一步的研究来解释目标人群的哪些特征能够对侵略行为做出准确的判断。
更新日期:2020-06-22
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