We examine the loss of the Northern Cities Shift raising of trap in Ogdensburg, a small city in rural northern New York. Although data from 2008 showed robust trap-raising among young people in Ogdensburg, in data collected in 2016 no speakers clear the 700-Hz threshold for NCS participation in F1 of trap—a seemingly very rapid real-time change. We find apparent-time change in style-shifting: although older people raise trap more in wordlist reading than in spontaneous speech, younger people do the opposite. We infer that increasing negative evaluation of the feature led Ogdensburg speakers to collectively abandon raising trap between 2008 and 2016. This indicates a role for communal change in the transition of a dialect feature from an indicator to a marker.

中文翻译：

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逃离陷阱：失去北方城市的实时转移

我们研究了北部城市转移的损失陷阱在纽约北部农村的一个小城市奥格登斯堡。尽管 2008 年的数据显示稳健陷阱- 在奥格登斯堡的年轻人中提高，在 2016 年收集的数据中，没有发言者清除 NCS 参加 F1 的 700-Hz 阈值陷阱——看似非常迅速的实时变化。我们发现风格转变的明显时间变化：虽然老年人提高陷阱与自发演讲相比，单词列表阅读更多，年轻人则相反。我们推断，越来越多的对该功能的负面评价导致奥格登斯堡演讲者集体放弃提高陷阱2008 年至 2016 年之间。这表明社区变化在方言特征从指示符到标记的过渡中的作用。