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Interference and management of herbicide-resistant crop volunteers
Weed Science ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 , DOI: 10.1017/wsc.2021.3
Amit J. Jhala , Hugh J. Beckie , Thomas J. Peters , A. Stanley Culpepper , Jason K. Norsworthy

Since the commercialization of herbicide-resistant (HR) crops, primarily glyphosate-resistant crops, their adoption has increased rapidly. Multiple herbicide resistance traits in crops such as canola (Brassica napus L.), corn (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have become available in recent years, and management of their volunteers needs attention to prevent interference and yield loss in rotational crops. The objectives of this review were to summarize HR crop traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), canola, corn, cotton, rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybean, sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); assess their potential for volunteerism; and review existing literature on the interference of HR crop volunteers, yield loss, and their management in rotational crops. HR crop volunteers are problem weeds in agronomic cropping systems, and the impact of volunteerism depends on several factors, such as crop grown in rotation, the density of volunteers, management practices, and microclimate. Interference of imidazolinone-resistant (IR) barley or wheat volunteers can be a problem in rotational crops, particularly when IR crops such as canola or wheat are grown. HR canola volunteers are abundant in the Northern Great Plains due to high fecundity, seed loss before or during harvest, and secondary seed dormancy, and they can interfere in crops grown in rotation such as flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), field peas (Pisum sativum L.), and soybean. HR corn volunteers are competitive in crops grown in rotation such as corn, cotton, soybean, and sugarbeet, with yield loss depending on the density of HR corn volunteers. Volunteers of HR cotton, rice, soybean, and sugarbeet are not major concerns and can be controlled with existing herbicides. Herbicide options would be limited if the crop volunteers are multiple HR; therefore, recording the cultivar planted the previous year and selecting the appropriate herbicide are important. The increasing use of 2,4-D, dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate in North American cropping systems requires research on herbicide interactions and alternative herbicides or methods for controlling multiple HR crop volunteers.

中文翻译:

抗除草剂作物志愿者的干预与管理

自抗除草剂 (HR) 作物(主要是抗草甘膦作物)商业化以来,它们的采用率迅速增加。油菜等作物的多种除草剂抗性特征(油菜L.), 玉米 (玉米L.), 棉花 (陆地棉L.) 和大豆 [最大甘氨酸(L.) Merr.] 近年来已经出现,需要注意对其志愿者的管理,以防止轮作作物的干扰和产量损失。本综述的目的是总结大麦的 HR 作物性状(大麦L.)、油菜、玉米、棉花、大米(水稻L.)、大豆、甜菜(甜菜L.) 和小麦 (小麦L.); 评估他们的志愿服务潜力;并回顾现有的关于 HR 作物志愿者的干扰、产量损失及其在轮作作物中的管理的文献。HR作物志愿者是农作物种植系统中的问题杂草,志愿服务的影响取决于几个因素,例如轮作作物、志愿者的密度、管理实践和小气候。抗咪唑啉酮 (IR) 大麦或小麦志愿者的干扰可能是轮作作物的一个问题,尤其是在种植油菜或小麦等 IR 作物时。由于高繁殖力、收获前或收获期间种子损失以及次生种子休眠,HR 油菜志愿者在大平原北部非常丰富,他们可能会干扰亚麻等轮作作物。亚麻L.), 豌豆 (豌豆L.) 和大豆。HR 玉米志愿者在玉米、棉花、大豆和甜菜等轮作作物中具有竞争力,产量损失取决于 HR 玉米志愿者的密度。HR 棉花、水稻、大豆和甜菜的志愿者不是主要问题,可以使用现有的除草剂进行控制。如果作物志愿者是多个 HR,那么除草剂的选择将受到限制;因此,记录上一年种植的品种并选择合适的除草剂很重要。北美种植系统中越来越多地使用 2,4-D、麦草畏、草铵膦和草甘膦,需要研究除草剂相互作用和替代除草剂或控制多个 HR 作物志愿者的方法。
更新日期:2021-01-22
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