Habitat fragmentation may present a major impediment to species range shifts caused by climate change, but how it affects local community dynamics in a changing climate has so far not been adequately investigated empirically. Using long‐term monitoring data of butterfly assemblages, we tested the effects of the amount and distribution of semi‐natural habitat (SNH), moderated by species traits, on climate‐driven species turnover. We found that spatially dispersed SNH favoured the colonisation of warm‐adapted and mobile species. In contrast, extinction risk of cold‐adapted species increased in dispersed (as opposed to aggregated) habitats and when the amount of SNH was low. Strengthening habitat networks by maintaining or creating stepping‐stone patches could thus allow warm‐adapted species to expand their range, while increasing the area of natural habitat and its spatial cohesion may be important to aid the local persistence of species threatened by a warming climate.

中文翻译：

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栖息地数量和分布改变了气候变化下的社区动态

生境破碎化可能是气候变化导致物种范围变化的主要障碍，但迄今为止，它还没有对气候变化如何影响当地社区动态产生任何经验性的充分研究。使用蝴蝶组合的长期监测数据，我们测试了由物种特征调节的半自然生境（SNH）的数量和分布对气候驱动的物种更新的影响。我们发现，在空间上分散的SNH有利于温暖适应和流动的物种的定殖。相反，在分散的（相对于聚集的）生境中，以及当SNH含量较低时，冷适应物种的灭绝风险增加。因此，通过维持或创造踏脚石斑块来加强栖息地网络，可以使适应温暖的物种扩展其范围，