Empirical evidence suggests that evacuees tend to break down their well-coordinated motion and adopt competitive egress behaviour when they are confronting life-endangering situations (e.g., fire accident, earthquake). This phenomenon significantly influences crowd dynamics, and subsequently, the overall evacuation time. In this paper, a novel evacuation model has been developed, which takes the detailed cooperative and competitive egress movements of evacuees into consideration. The proposed model has been conducted to simulate crowd (i.e., with different proportion of competitive individuals within the crowd) evacuating from a single-exit compartment room (i.e., the exit width varies from 0.8 to 2.0m). Simulation results show that competitive evacuees exhibit an arc-shape formation in front of the bottleneck area (i.e., the exit). This is notably distinct from the cooperative evacuees generated shape formation. In addition, the evacuation performance (i.e., evacuation time, trajectories, density and flow rate) of competitive and cooperative evacuees over time are successfully captured for analysis. This study contributes to a better understanding of the crowd evacuation dynamics by considering the impact of competitive and cooperative egress movements.

经验证据表明，疏散人员在面临危及生命的情况（例如火灾，地震）时，往往会破坏协调良好的动作并采取竞争性的出口行为。这种现象会极大地影响人群动态，进而影响总体疏散时间。在本文中，开发了一种新颖的疏散模型，该模型考虑了被疏散者的详细合作和竞争性出口运动。已经进行了提议的模型来模拟从单出口隔室撤离的人群（即人群中竞争性个体的比例不同）（即出口宽度从0.8到2.0m不等）。仿真结果表明，竞争性撤离人员在瓶颈区域（即出口）的前面呈弧形形成。这与合作撤离人员生成的形状明显不同。此外，成功捕获了竞争性和合作性撤离人员随时间的撤离性能（即撤离时间，轨迹，密度和流量）以进行分析。通过考虑竞争性和合作性出口运动的影响，本研究有助于更好地了解人群疏散动态。